Question 1

Matilda designed a study in which she had a treatment group and a control group. She then took 100 participants and flipped a coin with each one to determine which group they would be in. This assigning of participants is called _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   randomization
B)   generalization
C)   experimentation
D)   uniformity

Question 2

While conducting a family study, a researcher determines that the siblings and parents of the person with a disorder are much more likely than the general public to have the disorder, although cousins, uncles, and grandparents are only moderately more likely to have the disorder than the general public. This is an example of a disorder with

Accepted Answer

A)   no genetic component.
B)   a single gene influence.
C)   a genetic component.
D)   strong environmental and very weak genetic components.

Question 3

Genetic linkage analysis has not yet provided the types of answers scientists hope for in terms of understanding the specific genetic causes of psychopathology. The most likely reason that this type of analysis has not been as promising as hoped is that the genetic influences of psychopathology are

Accepted Answer

A)   impossible to understand until the entire human genome is sequenced.
B)   difficult to understand with the limited statistical models available.
C)   based on more than single gene defects.
D)   insignificant in comparison to the power of the environment.

Question 4

Adoption studies can be used to study the influence of genetic influences on psychopathology

Accepted Answer

A)   without the typical confound of common biological parents.
B)   using more sophisticated statistical techniques.
C)   through direct examination of genetic causes.
D)   without the typical confound of siblings raised in the same environment.

Question 5

The most influential research generally utilizes

Accepted Answer

A)   multiple well-controlled, double-blind experiments.
B)   a combination of well-controlled correlational studies and cross-sectional research.
C)   a program of multiple research designs over a period of time.
D)   multiple cross-sectional and longitudinal designs over a period of time.

Question 6

The confounding of age and experience is referred to as the effect.

Accepted Answer

A)   cohort
B)   proband
C)   longitudinal
D)   participant

Question 7

Which of the following is most likely to be investigated using a case study method:

Accepted Answer

A)   the effectiveness of a new anxiety drug on alcoholics.
B)   whether or not tall people have more friends than short people.
C)   whether or not the hippocampus is involved in the production of language.
D)   how a very rare physical disability impacts the mental health of 14-and-a-half year olds living in the American southeast.

Question 8

The implication of the fact that genetic linkage studies frequently fail to replicate when subsequent researchers repeat the study in different families is that

Accepted Answer

A)   the human genome is not well mapped.
B)   researchers need to be more careful with their methods.
C)   the environment is a more powerful influence on most forms of complex psychopathology than genetics.
D)   it is doubtful that there are single gene causes for complex disorders.

Question 9

One of the most important reasons to conduct cross-cultural research in psychopathology is that

Accepted Answer

A)   we can gain a better appreciation for the virtues of various cultures by examining how psychopathology is viewed by different cultures.
B)   the stigma of psychopathology can be removed by understanding that psychopathology exists in all cultures.
C)   genetic influences of disorders can be best determined through careful comparison of the different environmental stressors found in various cultures.
D)   we can understand more about psychopathology by understanding how culture impacts the experience of various disorders.

Question 10

External validity refers to the

Accepted Answer

A)   degree that the dependent variable was changed in the study.
B)   power of the independent variable to cause a change in the dependent variable.
C)   extent to which findings apply to individuals or situations other than those studied.
D)   overall quality of the study.

Question 11

In an experimental study,

Accepted Answer

A)   the independent variable is manipulated.
B)   the dependent variable is manipulated.
C)   both the independent variable and the dependent variable are manipulated.
D)   the environment is manipulated.

Question 12

In well-designed research studies, medications that enhance serotonin functioning have been found to help patients recover from episodes of depression. Given the realities of the patient uniformity myth, it would be a mistake to conclude that

Accepted Answer

A)   most depressed patients will be helped substantially by these medications.
B)   all depressed patients will be helped by these medications.
C)   research can help us determine which treatments should be used for specific disorders.
D)   medication can be an appropriate treatment for a psychological disorder.

Question 13

A study that uses the controlled conditions of the lab to replicate the phenomenon under study is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   analogue model.
B)   longitudinal study.
C)   cross-sectional study.
D)   retrospective study.

Question 14

Of the following, which hypothesis would NOT be appropriate given the concept of testability:

Accepted Answer

A)   Behavior is influenced by the rewards that follow the behavior.
B)   Children who view aggression are more likely to act in an aggressive manner.
C)   Invisible forces influence our behavior every day.
D)   Personality traits can be influenced by genetics.

Question 15

Write a hypothesis and identify the independent and dependent variables that could be measured.

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary. Correct answers will ...

Question 16

In a typical drug study, some research participants are given an active medication and others are given a sugar pill. The subjects given the sugar pill are in the group.

Accepted Answer

A)   placebo control
B)   treatment
C)   independent variable
D)   dependent variable

Question 17

The genetic mechanism that ultimately contributes to the underlying problems causing the symptoms and difficulties experienced by people with psychological disorders is called .

Accepted Answer

A)   genotypes
B)   phenotypes
C)   endophenotypes
D)   causal types

Question 18

Explain why you cannot imply a cause and effect relationship from data of a correlational study.

Accepted Answer

Correlational designs are designed to st...

Question 19

The independent variable is the ___________ whereas the dependent variable measures ________________.

Accepted Answer

A)   treatment or intervention; impact of the treatment or intervention
B)   measurement; explanation
C)   impact of the treatment or intervention; treatment or intervention
D)   none of the above are correct

Question 20

The patient uniformity myth refers to the tendency to

Accepted Answer

A)   see all study participants as homogenous.
B)   see all study participants as heterogenous.
C)   emphasize patient symptoms and uniformity.
D)   give all patients the same medications.

Exam 4: Research Methods

External validity refers to the

Correct Answer
verified

Matilda designed a study in which she had a treatment group and a control group. She then took 100 participants and flipped a coin with each one to determine which group they would be in. This assigning of participants is called _____________.

Correct Answer
verified

A study that uses the controlled conditions of the lab to replicate the phenomenon under study is called a(n)

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The patient uniformity myth refers to the tendency to

Correct Answer
verified

One of the most important reasons to conduct cross-cultural research in psychopathology is that

Correct Answer
verified

In an experimental study,

Correct Answer
verified

The confounding of age and experience is referred to as the effect.

Correct Answer
verified

Genetic linkage analysis has not yet provided the types of answers scientists hope for in terms of understanding the specific genetic causes of psychopathology. The most likely reason that this type of analysis has not been as promising as hoped is that the genetic influences of psychopathology are

Correct Answer
verified

Explain why you cannot imply a cause and effect relationship from data of a correlational study.

Correct Answer
verified
Correlational designs are designed to st...
View Answer

Which of the following is most likely to be investigated using a case study method:

Correct Answer
verified

The independent variable is the _ whereas the dependent variable measures ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Write a hypothesis and identify the independent and dependent variables that could be measured.

Correct Answer
verified
Answers will vary. Correct answers will ...
View Answer

In a typical drug study, some research participants are given an active medication and others are given a sugar pill. The subjects given the sugar pill are in the group.

Correct Answer
verified

Of the following, which hypothesis would NOT be appropriate given the concept of testability:

Correct Answer
verified

The implication of the fact that genetic linkage studies frequently fail to replicate when subsequent researchers repeat the study in different families is that

Correct Answer
verified

Adoption studies can be used to study the influence of genetic influences on psychopathology

Correct Answer
verified

In well-designed research studies, medications that enhance serotonin functioning have been found to help patients recover from episodes of depression. Given the realities of the patient uniformity myth, it would be a mistake to conclude that

Correct Answer
verified

The most influential research generally utilizes

Correct Answer
verified

The genetic mechanism that ultimately contributes to the underlying problems causing the symptoms and difficulties experienced by people with psychological disorders is called .

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 4: Research Methods

External validity refers to the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Matilda designed a study in which she had a treatment group and a control group. She then took 100 participants and flipped a coin with each one to determine which group they would be in. This assigning of participants is called _____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A study that uses the controlled conditions of the lab to replicate the phenomenon under study is called a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The patient uniformity myth refers to the tendency to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the most important reasons to conduct cross-cultural research in psychopathology is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In an experimental study,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The confounding of age and experience is referred to as the effect.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Genetic linkage analysis has not yet provided the types of answers scientists hope for in terms of understanding the specific genetic causes of psychopathology. The most likely reason that this type of analysis has not been as promising as hoped is that the genetic influences of psychopathology are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain why you cannot imply a cause and effect relationship from data of a correlational study.

Correct AnswerverifiedCorrelational designs are designed to st...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following is most likely to be investigated using a case study method:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The independent variable is the ___________ whereas the dependent variable measures ________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Write a hypothesis and identify the independent and dependent variables that could be measured.

Correct AnswerverifiedAnswers will vary. Correct answers will ...View AnswerShow Answer

In a typical drug study, some research participants are given an active medication and others are given a sugar pill. The subjects given the sugar pill are in the group.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Of the following, which hypothesis would NOT be appropriate given the concept of testability:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The implication of the fact that genetic linkage studies frequently fail to replicate when subsequent researchers repeat the study in different families is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Adoption studies can be used to study the influence of genetic influences on psychopathology

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In well-designed research studies, medications that enhance serotonin functioning have been found to help patients recover from episodes of depression. Given the realities of the patient uniformity myth, it would be a mistake to conclude that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most influential research generally utilizes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The genetic mechanism that ultimately contributes to the underlying problems causing the symptoms and difficulties experienced by people with psychological disorders is called .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Correlational designs are designed to st...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

The independent variable is the _ whereas the dependent variable measures ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Answers will vary. Correct answers will ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified