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Rather than deliberate manipulations based on direct and second-order theories,conversational utterances are largely based on __________.


A) conventional analysis
B) egocentric perspectives
C) availability bias
D) cognitive resource maintenance

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Situation models likely involve __________ qualities.


A) numinous
B) perceptual
C) authoritative
D) dualist

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References have to occur within the same sentence.

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Poor readers are less adept at suppressing irrelevant information.

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What is the name of the study of extralinguistic factors that influences language processing?

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A __________ is a memory representation of a possible word situation.For example,a representation of the situation described in a passage of text


A) situational model
B) process model
C) reference model
D) semantic model

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Alluding to a concept using another name is __________.


A) deceptive
B) reference
C) authorized inference
D) unauthorized inference

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Which is NOT part of Gernsbacher's structure-building framework?


A) shifting
B) laying a foundation
C) mapping information
D) pragmatic assessment

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Consider: phoneme detection is harder if the phoneme occurred in an ambiguous word (e.g.,/b/ in BOXER from "Ken liked the boxer") .Which concept is MOST related?


A) online comprehension task
B) pragmatic task
C) case grammar
D) transformational grammar

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Work in cognitive science has shown that research and findings from language comprehension can be extended to understanding how people process __________.


A) word lists
B) snapshots
C) nonsense syllables
D) films

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What is a speech act?


A) any kind of explicit speech
B) pretending to speak,but not really doing it
C) the intended consequence of what is said
D) early language attempts by infants

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Which of the following represents indirect reference by characterization?


A) Identity: Michelle bought a computer.It was on sale.
B) Probable parts: Erick bought a used snowboard.The bindings are broken.
C) Optional roles: I taught a class yesterday.The chalk tray was empty.
D) Causes: Thuy answered a question in class.The professor had called upon her.

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During reading,the eye remains fixated on a word as long as the word is being actively processed.This reflects __________.


A) eye-mind assumption
B) immediacy assumption
C) direct reference
D) the "assist" function

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Which of the following is NOT an event dimension in Zwaan's event indexing model?


A) serial position
B) causality
C) space
D) intentionality

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Which provides evidence for structure building?


A) bridging
B) mapping
C) advantage of clause recency
D) suppression

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How does embodied cognition influence language processing?

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One online measure of language comprehension is __________.


A) reading time
B) response time
C) reaction time
D) release time

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__________ is a principle measure of online reading comprehension.


A) Think-aloud procedure
B) Gaze duration
C) ERP
D) Accuracy

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What is the labor in vain effect?


A) when people spend time trying to learn information that is beyond their current level of knowledge
B) trying to teach someone who is not motivated to learn
C) working hard to get someone to understand what you are saying only to find out that he or she had the wrong idea all along
D) Teaching someone something,only to have him or her forget it soon after

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What is the role of pragmatics in sentence comprehension?

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