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A condition that becomes more and more severe over time is


A) progressive.
B) episodic.
C) chronic.
D) acute.

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A condition that may be severe but resolves with treatment is


A) progressive.
B) episodic.
C) chronic.
D) acute.

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The primary distinguishing characteristic of children with physical disability is


A) intellectual and health problems.
B) intellectual and medical problems.
C) medical or health problems.
D) medical or cognitive problems.

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In most students with orthopedic or musculoskeletal disorders, intelligence is unaffected.

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Rheumatoid arthritis is a potentially debilitating disease that


A) causes rapid deterioration of muscle tissue.
B) is characterized by pain in and around the joints and muscles.
C) is associated with neurological degeneration.
D) occurs only in the elderly.

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Most physical disabilities, even if severe, do not in themselves prevent sexual gratification.

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Which of the following is likely to be the least concern of early intervention for children with physical disabilities?


A) improving access to school and public buildings
B) preventing further disabilities from developing
C) maximizing the outcome of therapy
D) developing communication skills

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A

Impairments that are the result of injury to the brain that also affect the ability to move parts of one's body are


A) neurological impairments.
B) traumatic brain injuries.
C) orthopedic impairments.
D) neuromotor impairments.

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The extent of the paralysis in spina bifida depends on


A) the stage of development during which it occurs.
B) the success or failure of the surgery to close the opening.
C) the success or failure of the surgery to repair the nerve damage.
D) the location of the spinal cord defect.

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List and define the three categories of physical disabilities described in the chapter and provide one example of each. Define each condition.

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Answers will elaborate on the following:...

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A person who provides support for daily living skills and fine motor skills is a(n)


A) physical therapist.
B) occupational therapist.
C) adaptations specialist.
D) cognitive therapist.

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Cerebral palsy is classified by


A) the limbs involved and type of motor disability.
B) time period during which brain damage occurred.
C) severity of the symptoms.
D) the effect on intellectual functioning.

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Teenage mothers are more likely than older women to give birth to premature or low-birthweight babies.

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True

Children with epilepsy are more disposed to learning disabilities than are children who do not have epilepsy.

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Why is it important for teachers to know about and to practice proper positioning and handling of students with physical disabilities?

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Probably the first and most pervasive concern of teachers of children with physical disabilities, in addition to communication, should be handling and positioning. Handling refers to how the child is picked up, carried, held, and assisted. Positioning refers to providing support for the child's body and arranging instructional or play materials in certain ways. Proper handling makes the child more comfortable and receptive to education and is respectful of the child's body and person (e.g., don't handle a person like a sack of potatoes). Proper positioning maximizes physical efficiency and ability to manipulate materials; it also inhibits undesirable motor responses while promoting desired growth and motor patterns. More importantly, it can reduce or eliminate pain and discomfort (persons without physical disabilities certainly do not stay in one position all day).

Seizures occur more often in children with developmental disabilities than in children without disabilities.

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Abrupt, involuntary movements and difficulty in maintaining balance is known as


A) spastic movements.
B) atonic movements.
C) choreoathetoid movements.
D) atonic spasticity.

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A condition that recurs at successive times but does not necessarily become more severe overtime is


A) progressive.
B) episodic.
C) chronic.
D) acute.

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The intelligence of children with cerebral palsy is


A) almost always in the range of mental retardation.
B) clearly higher than the average for the general population.
C) nearly the same as for the general population.
D) difficult to assess due to difficulties in perception, movement, or response speed.

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Andre's legs are paralyzed, but he has full use of his arms. His condition is


A) diplegia.
B) hemiplegia.
C) paraplegia.
D) quadriplegia.

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