Question 1

George Miller proposed that about seven information bits constitutes the capacity of ________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)   short-term
B)   explicit
C)   long-term
D)   implicit

Question 2

Procedural memories for well-learned skills such as how to ride a bicycle are typically ________ memories.

Accepted Answer

A)   working
B)   implicit
C)   sensory
D)   explicit

Question 3

Conscious memories of facts and personal experiences are called ________ memories.

Accepted Answer

A)   echoic
B)   procedural
C)   explicit
D)   iconic

Question 4

Encoding that requires attention and conscious awareness is called

Accepted Answer

A)   massed practice.
B)   effortful processing.
C)   distributed practice.
D)   procedural memory.

Question 5

Storage is to encoding as ________ is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   recognition;recall
B)   rehearsal;retrieval
C)   retention;acquisition
D)   explicit memory;implicit memory

Question 6

Who of the following is likely to have the best working memory?

Accepted Answer

A)   Brandon,a 7-year-old child
B)   Margo,a 70-year-old woman
C)   Diego,a 50-year-old man
D)   Marika,a 25-year-old woman

Question 7

You are most likely to automatically encode information about

Accepted Answer

A)   politicians' names.
B)   friends' birthdays.
C)   new web addresses.
D)   the sequence of your day's events.

Question 8

Which of the following is a form of sensory memory?

Accepted Answer

A)   procedural memory
B)   working memory
C)   echoic memory
D)   short-term memory

Question 9

Remembering how to solve a puzzle without any conscious recollection that you can do so best illustrates ________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)   working
B)   short-term
C)   implicit
D)   sensory

Question 10

When people are asked to recall a list of words they had earlier memorized,they often substitute synonyms for some of the words on the original list.This best illustrates the impact of

Accepted Answer

A)   automatic processing.
B)   distributed practice.
C)   semantic processing.
D)   echoic memory.

Question 11

Because it happens without our awareness,implicit memory is also called

Accepted Answer

A)   sensory memory.
B)   nondeclarative memory.
C)   automatic memory.
D)   declarative memory.

Question 12

The relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system is called ________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)   sensory
B)   long-term
C)   working
D)   implicit

Question 13

Alan Baddeley's model of working memory includes

Accepted Answer

A)   forming implicit memories of learned motor skills.
B)   rehearsal of new visual and auditory information.
C)   automatic processing of classically conditioned associations.
D)   all of the above processes.

Question 14

A conscious memory of the name of the first president of the United States is a(n) ________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)   iconic
B)   explicit
C)   procedural
D)   nondeclarative

Question 15

High intelligence and an ability to maintain one's focus of attention is most closely associated with a high level of

Accepted Answer

A)   sensory-memory capacity.
B)   short-term memory capacity.
C)   working memory capacity.
D)   long-term memory capacity.

Question 16

Many students review course material at various times during a semester so they will be prepared for the final exam.These students are especially likely to retain the information far into the future.This best illustrates the value of

Accepted Answer

A)   distributed practice.
B)   implicit memory.
C)   procedural memory.
D)   the self-reference effect.

Question 17

Answering questions about what she had read in her psychology textbook improves Shauna's memory of the material more effectively than rereading the textbook material.This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   the spacing effect.
B)   the self-reference effect.
C)   automatic processing.
D)   the testing effect.

Question 18

Memories for well-learned automatic skills such as how to tie your shoes are called ________ memories.

Accepted Answer

A)   iconic
B)   procedural
C)   working
D)   explicit

Question 19

Memory acquisition is to memory retention as ________ is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   recall;recognition
B)   rehearsal;relearning
C)   imagery;mnemonics
D)   encoding;storage

Question 20

During her psychology test,Kelsey could not remember the meaning of the term mnemonics.Surprisingly,however,she accurately remembered that the term appeared on the first line of a right-hand page in her textbook.Her memory of this incidental information is best explained in terms of

Accepted Answer

A)   automatic processing.
B)   the self-reference effect.
C)   echoic memory.
D)   effortful processing.

Exam 23: Learning by Observation

You are most likely to automatically encode information about

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Because it happens without our awareness,implicit memory is also called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Storage is to encoding as ________ is to ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system is called ________ memory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Procedural memories for well-learned skills such as how to ride a bicycle are typically ________ memories.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Who of the following is likely to have the best working memory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Answering questions about what she had read in her psychology textbook improves Shauna's memory of the material more effectively than rereading the textbook material.This best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many students review course material at various times during a semester so they will be prepared for the final exam.These students are especially likely to retain the information far into the future.This best illustrates the value of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When people are asked to recall a list of words they had earlier memorized,they often substitute synonyms for some of the words on the original list.This best illustrates the impact of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Memory acquisition is to memory retention as ________ is to ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During her psychology test,Kelsey could not remember the meaning of the term mnemonics.Surprisingly,however,she accurately remembered that the term appeared on the first line of a right-hand page in her textbook.Her memory of this incidental information is best explained in terms of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Encoding that requires attention and conscious awareness is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a form of sensory memory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Remembering how to solve a puzzle without any conscious recollection that you can do so best illustrates ________ memory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Conscious memories of facts and personal experiences are called ________ memories.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Memories for well-learned automatic skills such as how to tie your shoes are called ________ memories.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A conscious memory of the name of the first president of the United States is a(n) ________ memory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

High intelligence and an ability to maintain one's focus of attention is most closely associated with a high level of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

George Miller proposed that about seven information bits constitutes the capacity of ________ memory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Alan Baddeley's model of working memory includes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Storage is to encoding as is to .

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Memory acquisition is to memory retention as is to .

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