Question 1

In the scientific method, a hypothesis

Accepted Answer

A)   is a final answer to a question.
B)   is tested by polling many scientists' opinions.
C)   is never proven wrong, but only proven right.
D)   is the basis for making predictions.
E)   is proven to be correct when evidence is found to support it.

Question 2

A region of Amazon rainforest has been targeted for deforestation so that the land can be used for growing a single crop-a species of palm that will be harvested for its palm oil.What harm could this cause? A biologist might be expected to give the following answer: Because this land will go from harboring many hundreds of thousands of species to having just one species, it is an example of land that will undergo extreme loss of _______.

Accepted Answer

Because this land will go from...

Question 3

In 1928, British bacteriologist Alexander Fleming made an accidental discovery.He noticed that a fungus had contaminated one of the agar plates he had streaked with a bacterial species to be studied.The fungus prevented the bacteria from growing in the immediate area surrounding the fungus.Upon further investigation, Fleming found that the fungus produced a substance that was the agent responsible for killing the bacteria.He called this substance penicillin.Given this information, which statement best explains why Fleming's discovery is relevant to the general public today?

Accepted Answer

A)   Fleming's work revealed the ability of bacteria to mutate, which necessitates the constant search for new antibiotics.
B)   Fleming's discovery enabled the development of chemical substances as antibiotics to treat deadly bacterial infections.
C)   Fleming's research spawned new questions about the ecological interactions between fungi and bacteria.
D)   Fleming's attention to detail diverted his efforts to investigate bacteria and likely robbed humanity of important discoveries that he would have otherwise made.
E)   Fleming's sloppiness in the lab serves as a reminder to all researchers that sterile technique is critical to preventing unwanted fungal growth on bacterial plates.

Question 4

Scientists interested in human biology typically perform experiments with other model systems.Why do scientists use model systems in this way?

Accepted Answer

Model systems are useful in the study of...

Question 5

Bacterial cells and human cells share many similar features.Which feature can be used as support for the claim that humans and bacteria have a common origin?

Accepted Answer

A)   Both extract energy from their environment.
B)   Both undergo cell division.
C)   Both use chemical reactions to maintain the living state.
D)   They contain proteins with similar compositions.
E)   They have similar percentages of water.

Question 6

Scientists postulate that the enclosure of complex proteins and other biological molecules by membranes resulted in the first cells with the ability to

Accepted Answer

A)   reproduce.
B)   photosynthesize.
C)   carry out aerobic respiration.
D)   live in nonaqueous environments.
E)   differentiate.

Question 7

A young child becomes very ill and is taken for medical evaluation.The analysis reveals a genetic disorder, and he is sent home with medication to alleviate his symptoms.Other members of the family are concerned about how the child's illness can affect them.Which statement provides reasonable advice to these family members?

Accepted Answer

A)   Isolate the sick child as much as possible to prevent any other family members from contracting the illness.
B)   Have only adult family members come into contact with the sick child, and keep younger members of the family away from the child and any of his things.
C)   Allow family members to interact with the child as long as they avoid contact with his body fluids and wash their hands immediately after interactions with him.
D)   Give everyone in the family the same medication as the child to prevent their contracting the illness from the child.
E)   Assure all family members that the illness is not contagious and that the best course of action is to make the child as comfortable as possible and stick to the prescribed dosage and timing when administering his medication.

Question 8

Tsetse flies are parasites that live off fresh blood they obtain by biting their hosts in hot, humid areas in Africa.Their natural hosts are wild pig and bushbuck, a type of antelope, but they have a broad host range.A second parasite, Trypanosoma brucei, is a unicellular organism that spends part of its life cycle in the tsetse fly.This microorganism causes African sleeping sickness in humans and is transmitted into human blood through the bite of a tsetse fly.Humans are increasingly moving into regions where the tsetse fly lives.This has increased deforestation of the natural habitats of pigs and bushbucks, which has caused declines in their populations.Listed below are several possible outcomes of these changes.Evaluate the likelihood of each of the outcomes listed, and select the most likely outcome.

Accepted Answer

A)   Tsetse fly populations will decline, causing a decline in Trypanosoma brucei infections in humans.
B)   The symptoms of African sleeping sickness in humans will decrease in intensity and duration.
C)   African sleeping sickness incidence in humans and livestock will increase.
D)   The tsetse fly will lose its ability to transmit Trypanosoma brucei to humans.
E)   Trypanosoma brucei will move to a new host other than the tsetse fly.

Question 9

The information needed to produce proteins is contained in

Accepted Answer

A)   nutrients.
B)   tissues.
C)   evolution.
D)   organs.
E)   genes.

Question 10

All cells in a complicated multicellular organism

Accepted Answer

A)   contain a subset of the genome.
B)   have the same function.
C)   express the same parts of the genome at the same time during development.
D)   have controlled expression of their genome.
E)   randomly express parts of the genome.

Question 11

Refer to the diagram below showing the steps in the scientific method.  Which step in the diagram best illustrates the use of inductive logic?

Accepted Answer

A)   1
B)   2
C)   3
D)   4
E)   5

Question 12

Eukaryotic cells differ from prokaryotic cells in that a eukaryotic cell has

Accepted Answer

A)   genes.
B)   proteins.
C)   a membrane-bound nucleus.
D)   membranes.
E)   nucleic acids.

Question 13

The two membrane-enclosed compartments within cells that are thought to have arisen from prokaryotes engulfing other prokaryotes are mitochondria and _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The two membrane-enclosed compartments within cells that...

Question 14

Gaucher disease is a genetic disorder in which the cells do not produce an enzyme necessary for breaking down fatty substances.Persons afflicted with Gaucher disease experience severe problems, including swelling, bruising, anemia, neurological problems, and bone abnormalities.Some patients die of the disease.Which statement explains why the lack of an enzyme leads to the problems observed in patients with Gaucher disease?

Accepted Answer

A)   Fatty substances accumulate and block normal cell functions.
B)   Cells are forced to use fatty substances as a nutrient source.
C)   DNA mutates at a greater rate upon exposure to fatty substances.
D)   Fatty substances break down proteins and DNA in cells.
E)   Enzymes other than the missing one catalyze their reactions at accelerated rates.

Question 15

Plants, fungi, and animals are most closely related to different groups of

Accepted Answer

A)   protists.
B)   endosymbiotic bacteria.
C)   Archaea.
D)   cyanobacteria.
E)   inorganic molecules.

Question 16

Because of the similarities shared by many life forms, scientific knowledge gained about one type of organism can often be generalized to other organisms.Biologists studying photosynthesis, for example, have experimented with the Chlorella alga, knowing that they could extend their findings to plants.In this case, photosynthesis in the alga was considered a _______ system.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Because of the similarities shared by many...

Question 17

Which is not one of the major steps in the approach that uses a hypothesis and then a prediction?

Accepted Answer

A)   Stating an opinion
B)   Forming a hypothesis
C)   Making an observation
D)   Asking a question
E)   Testing a prediction

Question 18

In the human body you can find a variety of cells, including skin cells, blood cells, bone cells, nerve cells, and muscle cells.You can find the same variety of cells in a frog.Which statement is true about these cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   As a result of descent from a common ancestor, similar genes are expressed in similar types of cells in frog and human.
B)   A common ancestor of frog and human lost similar genetic components that led to cell specialization.
C)   Different ancestors of frog and human were exposed to similar environmental pressures that led to cell specialization.
D)   Cell specialization was an evolutionary event that occurred after the human and frog lineages split apart from their common ancestor.
E)   To express the same types of cells, humans and frogs have identical genetic components.

Question 19

Which statement about statistical analysis in science is false?

Accepted Answer

A)   Statistical methods are applied to data to definitively prove a hypothesis.
B)   Statistical tests analyze variation and calculate the probability that observed differences in an experiment could be due to random variation.
C)   Statistical tests can be used to evaluate both comparative and controlled experiments.
D)   Scientists generally conclude that the differences they measure are significant if the statistical tests show that the probability of error is 5 percent or lower.
E)   Statistical analyses often begin with stating the null hypothesis, which states that the data can be explained by random variation alone.

Question 20

After observing that frogs live in clean water but not in polluted water, researchers state that "polluted water kills frogs." This simple statement is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   scientific inquiry.
B)   biological evolution.
C)   a prediction.
D)   a hypothesis.
E)   a fact.

Exam 1: Studying Life

Correct Answer
verified

Bacterial cells and human cells share many similar features.Which feature can be used as support for the claim that humans and bacteria have a common origin?

Correct Answer
verified

In the human body you can find a variety of cells, including skin cells, blood cells, bone cells, nerve cells, and muscle cells.You can find the same variety of cells in a frog.Which statement is true about these cells?

Correct Answer
verified

Scientists postulate that the enclosure of complex proteins and other biological molecules by membranes resulted in the first cells with the ability to

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Scientists interested in human biology typically perform experiments with other model systems.Why do scientists use model systems in this way?

Correct Answer
verified
Model systems are useful in the study of...
View Answer

In the scientific method, a hypothesis

Correct Answer
verified

After observing that frogs live in clean water but not in polluted water, researchers state that "polluted water kills frogs." This simple statement is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

Which is not one of the major steps in the approach that uses a hypothesis and then a prediction?

Correct Answer
verified

The two membrane-enclosed compartments within cells that are thought to have arisen from prokaryotes engulfing other prokaryotes are mitochondria and _______.

Correct Answer
verified

Which statement about statistical analysis in science is false?

Correct Answer
verified

The information needed to produce proteins is contained in

Correct Answer
verified

Eukaryotic cells differ from prokaryotic cells in that a eukaryotic cell has

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Refer to the diagram below showing the steps in the scientific method. Which step in the diagram best illustrates the use of inductive logic?

Correct Answer
verified

Plants, fungi, and animals are most closely related to different groups of

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Because this land will go from...
View Answer

All cells in a complicated multicellular organism

Correct Answer
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Exam 1: Studying Life

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bacterial cells and human cells share many similar features.Which feature can be used as support for the claim that humans and bacteria have a common origin?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the human body you can find a variety of cells, including skin cells, blood cells, bone cells, nerve cells, and muscle cells.You can find the same variety of cells in a frog.Which statement is true about these cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Scientists postulate that the enclosure of complex proteins and other biological molecules by membranes resulted in the first cells with the ability to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Scientists interested in human biology typically perform experiments with other model systems.Why do scientists use model systems in this way?

Correct AnswerverifiedModel systems are useful in the study of...View AnswerShow Answer

In the scientific method, a hypothesis

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After observing that frogs live in clean water but not in polluted water, researchers state that "polluted water kills frogs." This simple statement is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is not one of the major steps in the approach that uses a hypothesis and then a prediction?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The two membrane-enclosed compartments within cells that are thought to have arisen from prokaryotes engulfing other prokaryotes are mitochondria and _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement about statistical analysis in science is false?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The information needed to produce proteins is contained in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Eukaryotic cells differ from prokaryotic cells in that a eukaryotic cell has

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Refer to the diagram below showing the steps in the scientific method. Which step in the diagram best illustrates the use of inductive logic?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Plants, fungi, and animals are most closely related to different groups of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedBecause this land will go from...View AnswerShow Answer

All cells in a complicated multicellular organism

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Model systems are useful in the study of...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Because this land will go from...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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