Question 1

Hyaluronidase,an enzyme secreted by certain bacteria,allows the bacteria to:

Accepted Answer

A)  protect themselves from phagocytes.
B)  penetrate anatomic barriers more easily.
C)  multiply more rapidly.
D)  produce exotoxins in greater abundance.

Question 2

Guidelines for preventing antimicrobial resistance include:
Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  using proper infection-control procedures.
B)  shortening the duration of antibiotic administration.
C)  using antimicrobials wisely.
D)  preventing infections.
E)  treating infections properly.

Question 3

The nurse is preparing to administer a broad-spectrum antibiotic medication to a client.An important nursing intervention prior to administration of the anti-infective is:

Accepted Answer

A)  performing a culture within 24 hours after starting the medication.
B)  obtaining the culture report,as when starting any medication.
C)  performing a culture prior to administering the first dose of the anti-infective.
D)  administering the medicine without performing cultures.

Question 4

Which client would require the administration of prophylactic antibiotics?

Accepted Answer

A)  A client with inflammation at the infection site
B)  A client with a viral infection
C)  A client with a suppressed immune system
D)  A client with pus at the infection site

Question 5

The ability of an organism to become unresponsive over time to an anti-infective is termed:

Accepted Answer

A)  superinfection.
B)  sensitivity.
C)  mutation.
D)  acquired resistance.

Question 6

The nurse tells a client that the antibiotic the health care provider has prescribed is for Clostridium,the organism responsible for a number of diseases,including:
Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  food poisoning.
B)  gas gangrene.
C)  tetanus.
D)  pneumonia.
E)  venereal disease.

Question 7

A client is admitted to the emergency department with an infection of the skin on the upper right thigh.The nurse knows this infection could be caused by which organism?
Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Streptococci
B)  Proteus mirabilis
C)  Pseudomonas aeruginosa
D)  Salmonella enteritides
E)  Bacillus anthracis

Question 8

The client asks the nurse why culture and sensitivity (C&S) testing has to be done prior to starting the antibiotic for a urinary tract infection (UTI) .The nurse explains that several organisms can cause UTIs and a C&S is performed to identify the organism.Which organism could be isolated on this client's C&S?
Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Escherichia coli
B)  Enterococci
C)  Proteus mirabilis
D)  Treponema
E)  Borrelia burgdorferi

Question 9

The nursing student asks the instructor how concepts from microbiology directly relate to client care.The instructor's best response is:

Accepted Answer

A)  It will assist you in understanding how health care providers choose anti-infective agents."
B)  Knowledge of bacteria and their classification assists in the management of anti-infective therapy."
C)  Studying microbiology will help you understand laboratory reports."
D)  Microbiology is one of the few science electives that do not really have any direct effects on client care."

Question 10

The nurse knows that which antibiotic,when taken by a pregnant woman,can adversely affect the newborn's hearing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mycins
B)  Aminoglycosides
C)  Sulfonamides
D)  Tetracyclines

Question 11

The emergency department nurse anticipates that prophylactic antibiotics will likely be used to treat:
Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  a client with a suppressed immune system.
B)  a client who has been bitten by a dog.
C)  a client whose spouse has been diagnosed with tuberculosis (T
B)  .
D)  a client who is being treated for a venereal disease.
E)  a client who has just delivered a premature baby.

Question 12

Anti-infectives are grouped into pharmacological classes by their:

Accepted Answer

A)  staining ability.
B)  size or shape.
C)  sensitivity.
D)  mechanism of action.

Question 13

A female client is prescribed tetracycline for acne.When providing information regarding this drug,the nurse explains that tetracycline:

Accepted Answer

A)  is contraindicated in people over 20 years old.
B)  is classified as a narrow-spectrum antibiotic.
C)  has been identified to be unsafe during pregnancy.
D)  is used to treat a wide variety of disease processes.

Question 14

Which type of antibiotic carries the highest risk of an allergic response?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tetracyclines
B)  Aminoglycosides
C)  Cephalosporins
D)  Penicillins

Question 15

The nurse is preparing to admit a client with a serious methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection.The nurse knows MRSA will not respond to treatment with:
Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  fluoroquinolones.
B)  macrolides.
C)  aminoglycosides.
D)  tetracyclines.
E)  linezolid.

Question 16

Classification of bacteria by their response to Gram stain includes:

Accepted Answer

A)  rods,spirals,and spheres.
B)  aerobic and anaerobic.
C)  fungi and viruses.
D)  gram-positive and gram-negative.

Question 17

The nurse is discharging a client with a prescription for penicillin.The client asks the nurse how this antibiotic works.The nurse's response is based on the knowledge that the mechanism of action of this class of anti-infectives is:
Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibiting cell wall synthesis.
B)  causing disruption of the cell wall,resulting in the cell absorbing water and lysing.
C)  binding to specific proteins,resulting in the cell's inability to build a wall.
D)  interfering with the transfer of ribonucleic acid (RN
A)  .
E)  changing the permeability of the cell membrane.

Question 18

A client is admitted to the emergency department for an infection.The nurse recognizes that host factors that play a role in the selection of anti-infective therapy include:
Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  status of immune system.
B)  location of the infection.
C)  history of allergic reactions.
D)  previous infections.
E)  results of culture and sensitivity (C&S) .

Question 19

The primary factor in the development of drug-resistant bacteria is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  unwarranted use of antibiotics.
B)  selection of the incorrect antibiotic.
C)  lack of new antibiotics.
D)  lack of client adherence.

Question 20

A leading factor in the development of bacterial resistance is the ability of bacteria to undergo:

Accepted Answer

A)  replication.
B)  conjugation.
C)  mutation.
D)  colonization.

Exam 46: Basic Principles of Anti-Infective Pharmacotherapy

The nurse tells a client that the antibiotic the health care provider has prescribed is for Clostridium,the organism responsible for a number of diseases,including: Select all that apply.

Correct Answer
verified

The nurse is discharging a client with a prescription for penicillin.The client asks the nurse how this antibiotic works.The nurse's response is based on the knowledge that the mechanism of action of this class of anti-infectives is: Select all that apply.

Correct Answer
verified

A client is admitted to the emergency department for an infection.The nurse recognizes that host factors that play a role in the selection of anti-infective therapy include: Select all that apply.

Correct Answer
verified

Anti-infectives are grouped into pharmacological classes by their:

Correct Answer
verified

Which client would require the administration of prophylactic antibiotics?

Correct Answer
verified

The nurse is preparing to administer a broad-spectrum antibiotic medication to a client.An important nursing intervention prior to administration of the anti-infective is:

Correct Answer
verified

The nursing student asks the instructor how concepts from microbiology directly relate to client care.The instructor's best response is:

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The primary factor in the development of drug-resistant bacteria is the:

Correct Answer
verified

A client is admitted to the emergency department with an infection of the skin on the upper right thigh.The nurse knows this infection could be caused by which organism? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer
verified

A female client is prescribed tetracycline for acne.When providing information regarding this drug,the nurse explains that tetracycline:

Correct Answer
verified

The nurse is preparing to admit a client with a serious methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection.The nurse knows MRSA will not respond to treatment with: Select all that apply.

Correct Answer
verified

Classification of bacteria by their response to Gram stain includes:

Correct Answer
verified

Guidelines for preventing antimicrobial resistance include: Select all that apply.

Correct Answer
verified

A leading factor in the development of bacterial resistance is the ability of bacteria to undergo:

Correct Answer
verified

Which type of antibiotic carries the highest risk of an allergic response?

Correct Answer
verified

The ability of an organism to become unresponsive over time to an anti-infective is termed:

Correct Answer
verified

The emergency department nurse anticipates that prophylactic antibiotics will likely be used to treat: Select all that apply.

Correct Answer
verified

The nurse knows that which antibiotic,when taken by a pregnant woman,can adversely affect the newborn's hearing?

Correct Answer
verified

Hyaluronidase,an enzyme secreted by certain bacteria,allows the bacteria to:

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 46: Basic Principles of Anti-Infective Pharmacotherapy

The nurse tells a client that the antibiotic the health care provider has prescribed is for Clostridium,the organism responsible for a number of diseases,including: Select all that apply.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The nurse is discharging a client with a prescription for penicillin.The client asks the nurse how this antibiotic works.The nurse's response is based on the knowledge that the mechanism of action of this class of anti-infectives is: Select all that apply.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A client is admitted to the emergency department for an infection.The nurse recognizes that host factors that play a role in the selection of anti-infective therapy include: Select all that apply.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Anti-infectives are grouped into pharmacological classes by their:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which client would require the administration of prophylactic antibiotics?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The nurse is preparing to administer a broad-spectrum antibiotic medication to a client.An important nursing intervention prior to administration of the anti-infective is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The nursing student asks the instructor how concepts from microbiology directly relate to client care.The instructor's best response is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The primary factor in the development of drug-resistant bacteria is the:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A client is admitted to the emergency department with an infection of the skin on the upper right thigh.The nurse knows this infection could be caused by which organism? Select all that apply.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A female client is prescribed tetracycline for acne.When providing information regarding this drug,the nurse explains that tetracycline:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The nurse is preparing to admit a client with a serious methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection.The nurse knows MRSA will not respond to treatment with: Select all that apply.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Classification of bacteria by their response to Gram stain includes:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Guidelines for preventing antimicrobial resistance include: Select all that apply.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A leading factor in the development of bacterial resistance is the ability of bacteria to undergo:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which type of antibiotic carries the highest risk of an allergic response?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ability of an organism to become unresponsive over time to an anti-infective is termed:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The emergency department nurse anticipates that prophylactic antibiotics will likely be used to treat: Select all that apply.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The nurse knows that which antibiotic,when taken by a pregnant woman,can adversely affect the newborn's hearing?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hyaluronidase,an enzyme secreted by certain bacteria,allows the bacteria to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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