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A test uses several questions that are worded in such a way that one answer is obviously correct. Because of this, __________ may affect the results of the study.


A) demand characteristics
B) placebo effects
C) sampling bias
D) confirmation bias

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Ben believes that standing on his head for 5 minutes first thing every day will help him to be in a good mood all morning. He stands on his head for 5 minutes when he wakes up for3 days in a row. On all three of these mornings he is in a good mood, so he concludes that standing on his head is responsible. Which of the following is a potential confound in Ben's study?


A) the lack of a control condition where Ben does not stand on his head
B) the expectation that standing on his head will put him in a good mood
C) the very small amount of data that he collects (just 3 days' worth)
D) all of the above

Correct Answer

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Johanna wants to study the effects of study guide use on general psychology student test scores. Which of the following represents the population, and which represents the sample for her study?


A) all possible general psychology students; current general psychology students enrolled at her university this semester
B) current general psychology students enrolled at her university this semester; all possible general psychology students
C) the current general psychology students enrolled at her university this semester; the general psychology students who actually participate in her study
D) the general psychology students who actually participate in her study; the current general psychology students enrolled at her university this semester

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The difference between an experimental design and a quasi-experimental design is that __________.


A) only quasi-experimental designs use random assignment
B) quasi-experimental designs are specifically designed to investigate alcohol effects; experimental designs are not
C) only experimental designs use random assignment
D) experimental design studies are specifically designed to investigate alcohol effects; quasi-experimental designs are not

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