Question 1

Two variables are said to have a correlation when scores on one variable

Accepted Answer

A)  are unrelated to the scores on the second variable.
B)  are related to scores on the second variable.
C)  cause the scores on the second variable.
D)  are different from the scores on the second variable.

Question 2

One hopes that the amount of time a student spends studying would show a(n) __________ correlation with the student's grades.

Accepted Answer

A)  negative
B)  zero
C)  positive
D)  illusory

Question 3

In order to make objective measurements,psychologists generally measure ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  behaviour
B)  introspection
C)  thoughts
D)  feelings

Question 4

Why is it difficult to make generalizations based on the results of case study research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Case study research is,by definition,immune to the error of making generalizations.
B)  Case studies involve far too many people to allow for generalizations.You would be better off using a research design that uses fewer participants.
C)  Because a case study involves only one or a few subjects,their actions may be atypical and not representative of a larger group of people or population.
D)  The statistics involved in case study research do not allow one to draw larger conclusions about a population.

Question 5

Which of the following correlations represents the weakest degree of relation between two variables?

Accepted Answer

A)  Daily calcium intake and bone mass density,correlation coefficient = +.11
B)  Degree of exposure to lead and IQ scores in children,correlation coefficient = -.12
C)  Hours of exposure to media violence and aggressive behaviour,correlation coefficient = +.31
D)  Number of cigarettes smoked per day and incidence of lung cancer,correlation coefficient = +.39

Question 6

Sarah,a graduate student in psychology,just heard about a five-year-old child who has already learned calculus.She is thinking about conducting an in-depth study of the child for her dissertation.Sarah is considering which research method?

Accepted Answer

A)  naturalistic observation
B)  experiment
C)  correlational
D)  case study

Question 7

Kendra serves on a committee whose job is to review proposed psychology studies.The committee refuses to approve one study because it feels the possible benefit from the research is too little given the potential risk to the participants.Kendra's committee is most accurately called an _________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  ethics commission
B)  inquisition
C)  academic safety advisory committee
D)  research ethics board

Question 8

Dr.Kwan hypothesizes that allowing factory employees to listen to music while working will improve productivity.After conducting the experiment,Dr.Kwan finds that the group of participants who were allowed to listen to music was more productive than the group who did not,but this difference was not statistically significant.What should Dr.Kwan conclude about the difference between the two groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  It supports his hypothesis.
B)  He is likely to find the same effect if he replicated the study.
C)  There is an unacceptable chance that the difference is due to random chance.
D)  The experiment was biased.

Question 9

Ryan,a professional bass fisherman,is trying to determine which lure is most effective on Wakeby Lake: the plastic worm he normally uses or the new minnow-style lure he bought yesterday.Based on this scenario,what would constitute the control?

Accepted Answer

A)  the new minnow lure
B)  the plastic worm
C)  both the minnow lure and the plastic worm
D)  there is no control

Question 10

The term demand characteristics refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  a set of personality traits that most good scientists share.
B)  unintended cues that suggest how study participants should behave.
C)  statements that describe the specific measures that are used to record observations.
D)  claims based on anecdotal evidence.

Question 11

The variable that an experimenter assesses or measures is called the _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  causal variable
B)  confounding variable
C)  dependent variable
D)  independent variable

Question 12

The purpose of operational definitions in science is to

Accepted Answer

A)  keep participants from knowing which treatment group they are in.
B)  reduce demand characteristics.
C)  increase ecological validity.
D)  carefully define terms and variables so they can be objectively studied.

Question 13

Dr.Johansen randomly assigned subjects to three different groups during her last experiment.She then proceeded to give all the participants in the experiment a new study technique designed to enhance their learning for the upcoming test.What critical error did she make during her experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  She failed to identify the independent variable.
B)  She failed to identify the dependent variable.
C)  She failed to include an experimental group.
D)  She failed to include a control group.

Question 14

What effect does the planned use of deception have on the approval of a study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Studies with deception can be approved,but only if the deception is necessary and the risk to participants is minimal.
B)  The use of deception has no effect on the likelihood the study will be approved.
C)  Studies that involve deception go through a different approval process.
D)  Studies with deception are never approved.

Question 15

If you are interested in examining the relationship between the number of class days missed and one's subsequent semester grade point average,you would be best served to use a(n) ________ to study this relationship.

Accepted Answer

A)  case study design
B)  correlational design
C)  experimental design
D)  naturalistic observation design

Question 16

The degree to which one set of results can be applied to other situations,individuals,or events is called __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  objectivity
B)  reliability
C)  validity
D)  generalizability

Question 17

Eila is participating in a psychological experiment for one of the graduate students at her university.She is pretty confident that she knows the true intent of the study and is trying to answer the questions accordingly.A common pitfall in experiments,Eila is falling prey to ______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  intentionality
B)  the Rosenthal effect
C)  observer bias
D)  demand characteristics

Question 18

__________ is consistency of measurement.

Accepted Answer

A)  Random assignment
B)  Validity
C)  Reliability
D)  Confounding variable

Question 19

Correlational research designs are NOT appropriate for purposes of _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  causation
B)  description
C)  prediction
D)  describing relationships

Question 20

When people report feeling better after taking medication even though it hasn't had time to be effective,they are experiencing _________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the experimenter bias effect
B)  low reliability
C)  the placebo effect
D)  confirmation bias

Exam 2: B: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

One hopes that the amount of time a student spends studying would show a(n) __________ correlation with the student's grades.

Correct Answer
verified

Sarah,a graduate student in psychology,just heard about a five-year-old child who has already learned calculus.She is thinking about conducting an in-depth study of the child for her dissertation.Sarah is considering which research method?

Correct Answer
verified

Eila is participating in a psychological experiment for one of the graduate students at her university.She is pretty confident that she knows the true intent of the study and is trying to answer the questions accordingly.A common pitfall in experiments,Eila is falling prey to ______________.

Correct Answer
verified

The term demand characteristics refers to

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following correlations represents the weakest degree of relation between two variables?

Correct Answer
verified

The purpose of operational definitions in science is to

Correct Answer
verified

What effect does the planned use of deception have on the approval of a study?

Correct Answer
verified

If you are interested in examining the relationship between the number of class days missed and one's subsequent semester grade point average,you would be best served to use a(n) ________ to study this relationship.

Correct Answer
verified

In order to make objective measurements,psychologists generally measure ___________.

Correct Answer
verified

__________ is consistency of measurement.

Correct Answer
verified

When people report feeling better after taking medication even though it hasn't had time to be effective,they are experiencing _________________.

Correct Answer
verified

The degree to which one set of results can be applied to other situations,individuals,or events is called __________.

Correct Answer
verified

Dr.Johansen randomly assigned subjects to three different groups during her last experiment.She then proceeded to give all the participants in the experiment a new study technique designed to enhance their learning for the upcoming test.What critical error did she make during her experiment?

Correct Answer
verified

Correlational research designs are NOT appropriate for purposes of _______________.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The variable that an experimenter assesses or measures is called the _______________.

Correct Answer
verified

Why is it difficult to make generalizations based on the results of case study research?

Correct Answer
verified

Two variables are said to have a correlation when scores on one variable

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Ryan,a professional bass fisherman,is trying to determine which lure is most effective on Wakeby Lake: the plastic worm he normally uses or the new minnow-style lure he bought yesterday.Based on this scenario,what would constitute the control?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 2: B: Reading and Evaluating Scientific Research

One hopes that the amount of time a student spends studying would show a(n) __________ correlation with the student's grades.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sarah,a graduate student in psychology,just heard about a five-year-old child who has already learned calculus.She is thinking about conducting an in-depth study of the child for her dissertation.Sarah is considering which research method?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Eila is participating in a psychological experiment for one of the graduate students at her university.She is pretty confident that she knows the true intent of the study and is trying to answer the questions accordingly.A common pitfall in experiments,Eila is falling prey to ______________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term demand characteristics refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following correlations represents the weakest degree of relation between two variables?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The purpose of operational definitions in science is to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What effect does the planned use of deception have on the approval of a study?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you are interested in examining the relationship between the number of class days missed and one's subsequent semester grade point average,you would be best served to use a(n) ________ to study this relationship.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In order to make objective measurements,psychologists generally measure ___________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

__________ is consistency of measurement.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When people report feeling better after taking medication even though it hasn't had time to be effective,they are experiencing _________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The degree to which one set of results can be applied to other situations,individuals,or events is called __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr.Johansen randomly assigned subjects to three different groups during her last experiment.She then proceeded to give all the participants in the experiment a new study technique designed to enhance their learning for the upcoming test.What critical error did she make during her experiment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correlational research designs are NOT appropriate for purposes of _______________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The variable that an experimenter assesses or measures is called the _______________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why is it difficult to make generalizations based on the results of case study research?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two variables are said to have a correlation when scores on one variable

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ryan,a professional bass fisherman,is trying to determine which lure is most effective on Wakeby Lake: the plastic worm he normally uses or the new minnow-style lure he bought yesterday.Based on this scenario,what would constitute the control?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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