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Exam 5: A Survey of Probability Concepts

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Question 1

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Complete the following analogy: An experiment relates to outcome, as the role of a die relates to _____.

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Question 2

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If there are five vacant parking places and five automobiles arrive at the same time, the number of different ways they can park is ____.

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If there are "m" ways of doing one thing, and "n" ways of doing another thing, the multiplication formula states that there are (m) × (n) ways of doing both.

Airlines monitor the causes of flights arriving late. A total of 75% of flights are late because of weather, while 35% of flights are late because of ground operations. A full 10% of flights are late because of weather and ground operations. What is the joint probability that a flight arrives late because of weather and ground operations?

A company's managers evaluated their employees into three classes: excellent performance, good performance, and poor performance. The following is a frequency distribution of the results. What is the probability that a randomly selected employee was rated excellent or good?

In a management trainee program, 80% of the trainees are female, 20% male. A total of 90% of the females attended college, while 78% of the males attended college. A management trainee is selected at random. What is the probability that the person selected is a female who did attend college?

Six basic colors are used in decorating a new condominium. They are applied to a unit in groups of four colors. One unit might have gold as the principal color, blue as a complementary color, red as the accent color, and touches of white. Another unit might have blue as the principal color, white as the complementary color, gold as the accent color, and touches of red. If repetitions are permitted, how many different units can be decorated?

When the order of a set of objects selected from a single group is important, this is called ________.

The numbers 0 through 9 are used in code groups of four to identify an item of clothing. Code 1083 might identify a blue blouse, size medium. The code group 2031 might identify a pair of pants, size 18, and so on. Repetitions of numbers are not permitted-in other words, the same number cannot be used more than once in a total sequence. As examples, 2256, 2562, or 5559 would not be permitted. How many different code groups can be designed?

A supplier delivers an order for 20 electric toothbrushes to a store. By accident, three of the electric toothbrushes are defective. What is the probability that the first two electric toothbrushes sold will be returned because they are defective?

Each salesperson in a large department store chain is rated on their sales ability and their potential for advancement. The data for the 500 sampled salespeople are summarized in the following table. What is the probability that a salesperson selected at random will have below average sales ability and fair potential for advancement?

Giorgio offers the person who purchases an 8-ounce bottle of Allure two free gifts, either an umbrella, a 1-ounce bottle of Midnight, a feminine shaving kit, a raincoat, or a pair of rain boots. If you purchased Allure, what is the probability you randomly selected an umbrella and a shaving kit in that order?

A company set up a kiosk in the Mall of America for several hours and asked randomly selected people which color cell phone cover was their favorite. The results follow: What is the probability of randomly selecting a person who likes white cell phones the best?

Probabilities are important information when __________.

In a deck of 52 cards, what is the probability of selecting two kings from the deck without replacement?

A group of employees of Unique Services will be surveyed about a new pension plan. In-depth interviews with each employee selected in the sample will be conducted. The employees are classified as follows. What is the probability that the first person selected is either in maintenance or in secretarial?

The first card selected from a standard 52-card deck was a king. If it is returned to the deck, what is the probability that a king will be drawn on the second selection?

A board of directors consists of eight men and four women. A four-member search committee is randomly chosen to recommend a new company president. What is the probability that all four members of the search committee will be women?

To apply the special rule of addition, the events must be mutually exclusive.

An individual can assign a subjective probability to an event based on the individual's knowledge about the event.