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Which of the following is not a way for the government to solve the problem of excessive use of common resources?


A) regulation
B) taxes
C) turning the common resource into a public good
D) turning the common resource into a private good

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Which of the following goods is rival in consumption and excludable?


A) a fireworks display
B) national defense
C) a box of sparklers
D) a parade

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Although national defense is currently a public good, economists who advocate small government generally agree that the U.S. should privatize national defense to increase the efficiency of the good.

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Suppose a human life is worth $10 million. Installing a better lighting system in the city park would reduce the risk of someone being murdered there from 3.5 to 2.9 percent over the life of the system. The city should install the new lighting system if its cost does not exceed


A) $60,000.
B) $290,000.
C) $350,000.
D) $600,000.

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One possible solution to the problem of protecting a common resource is to convert that resource to a private good.

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Which of the following is correct regarding road tolls as a way to reduce traffic?


A) They can vary based on the amount of traffic that is present.
B) They reduce drivers' explicit cost of driving but increase drivers' implicit cost.
C) Some drivers can be made better off, but some drivers will inevitably made worse off.
D) They are the solution to the free rider problem that occurs on roads.

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Recall the four types of goods. Are national defense and basic research the same type of good? Briefly explain.

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Yes. Both national d...

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The provision of a public good generates a


A) positive externality, as does the use of a common resource.
B) positive externality and the use of a common resource generates a negative externality.
C) negative externality, as does the use of a common resource.
D) negative externality and the use of a common resource generates a positive externality.

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The idea that "externalities arise because something of value has no price attached to it" is associated with


A) public goods, but not with common resources.
B) common resources, but not with public goods.
C) both public goods and common resources.
D) neither public goods nor common resources.

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On holiday weekends thousands of people picnic in state parks. Some picnic areas become so overcrowded the benefit or value of picnicking diminishes to zero. An overcrowded picnic area is an example of


A) a private good.
B) a club good.
C) a Tragedy of the Commons.
D) public good.

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The overuse of a common resource relative to its economically efficient use is called


A) the free rider problem.
B) the Tragedy of the Commons.
C) a public good.
D) cost-benefit analysis.

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Are whales excludable? Are they rival in consumption? How do we classify whales in terms of the four types of goods?

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Whales are not excludable, but...

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A view of a spectacular sunset along a private beach is an example of a


A) private good.
B) public good.
C) nonrival but excludable good.
D) rival but nonexcludable good.

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Examples of goods that are excludable include


A) fireworks displays and fire protection.
B) internet radio subscriptions and knowledge.
C) premium movie channels and streetlights.
D) mobile phones and fire protection.

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Figure 11-1 Figure 11-1   -Refer to Figure 11-1. Once good x is provided, policymakers need to be concerned about how much of it is used. Good x is an example of the type of good represented by Box A)  A. B)  B. C)  C. D)  D. -Refer to Figure 11-1. Once good x is provided, policymakers need to be concerned about how much of it is used. Good x is an example of the type of good represented by Box


A) A.
B) B.
C) C.
D) D.

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Scenario 11-2 Consider the following goods: • fire-protection services provided by a fire department • a beautiful mural on the outside wall of a fire station • a firefighter's helmet -Refer to Scenario 11-2. Which of these goods is the best example of a public good? Briefly explain.

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The beautiful mural is the bes...

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The provision of public goods gives rise to


A) no externalities.
B) positive externalities.
C) negative externalities.
D) rivalries in consumption.

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Property rights are well established for


A) private goods.
B) public goods.
C) common resources.
D) both b) and c) .

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Is a congested nontoll road excludable? Is it rival in consumption? How do we classify a congested nontoll road in terms of the four types of goods?

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A congested nontoll road is no...

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Table 11-5 A small island off the coast of Cape Cod contains two restaurants and two retail stores. Tourists need to take a ferry boat to reach the island, but with a recent slowdown in the economy, tourists are less willing to pay for the boat ride to visit the island. The owners of the restaurants and stores on the island - Restaurants 1 and 2, and Stores A and B - think that if tourists could ride the ferry for free, they would be happy to visit the island, eat and shop. The business owners are considering contributing to a pool of money that will be used to pay for roundtrip ferry service each day. The table represents their willingness to pay, that is, the maximum amount that each business owner is willing to contribute, per day, to pay for each ferry trip. Table 11-5 A small island off the coast of Cape Cod contains two restaurants and two retail stores. Tourists need to take a ferry boat to reach the island, but with a recent slowdown in the economy, tourists are less willing to pay for the boat ride to visit the island. The owners of the restaurants and stores on the island - Restaurants 1 and 2, and Stores A and B - think that if tourists could ride the ferry for free, they would be happy to visit the island, eat and shop. The business owners are considering contributing to a pool of money that will be used to pay for roundtrip ferry service each day. The table represents their willingness to pay, that is, the maximum amount that each business owner is willing to contribute, per day, to pay for each ferry trip.    -Refer to Table 11-5. Suppose the cost to run the ferry for each roundtrip is $750. How many ferry trips should there be to maximize the total surplus of the four business owners? A)  1 B)  2 C)  3 D)  4 -Refer to Table 11-5. Suppose the cost to run the ferry for each roundtrip is $750. How many ferry trips should there be to maximize the total surplus of the four business owners?


A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4

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