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Judicial review can best be described as the power of a federal court to


A) abstain from adjudicating major issues and to leave such matters to legislatures.
B) take it upon itself to decide issues on constitutional grounds.
C) declare a statute or governmental action unconstitutional and void.
D) take private property for public use.

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The Fourteenth Amendment's Equal Protection Clause "strict scrutiny" test will be used when the legislation


A) affects an economic interest.
B) affects a person's right to drive.
C) differentiates on the basis of race.
D) affects a person's right to drink alcoholic beverages.

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Hal was arrested for burning the U.S. flag in a protest of governmental policy. His action is protected under the First Amendment's guarantee of free speech because the flag burning is considered symbolic speech.

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A local school district had a policy that it would not hire bus drivers who had been convicted of driving while under the influence of alcohol. Sven claimed that this practice violated the Equal Protection Clause by unfairly excluding everyone who had been found guilty of DUI. Which standard will the court use to review the bus company's practice?


A) strict scrutiny.
B) intermediate scrutiny.
C) minimal scrutiny.
D) Supremacy Clause scrutiny.

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A government action interfering with a fundamental right will be judged using


A) strict scrutiny.
B) intermediate scrutiny.
C) minimal scrutiny.
D) legitimate scrutiny.

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The idea that courts should not be heavily involved in lawmaking, but rather should only rule in cases where the constitutionality is clear is known as


A) judicial review.
B) judicial activism.
C) judicial reform.
D) judicial restraint.

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Congress passed the federal OSHA establishing job safety standards. Illinois passed its own statute, which had slightly more lenient standards. Illinois workers are only held to the state standards unless they are involved in interstate commerce.

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Nevada passed a law banning all commercial billboards along state highways to improve the appearance of the environment. If this law were to be challenged, which of the following would a court examine to determine if the law is constitutional?


A) It would have to be established that the law furthers an interest of the state of Nevada to create a more aesthetically pleasing environment.
B) It would have to be shown that the law directly and materially advances the state's goal of a more aesthetically pleasing environment.
C) It would have to be shown that the law reaches no further than necessary to promote the state goal.
D) All of these are correct.

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Discuss the Miller test to determine if a creative work is obscene.

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In Miller v. California, the court devel...

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If Oregon passed a statute that prohibited liquor stores from engaging in any kind of advertising, that statute would be


A) valid as an exercise of police power.
B) valid, as alcohol is illegal for minors.
C) invalid as a violation of the Commerce Clause.
D) invalid as an unreasonable restriction of free speech.

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A form of due process that holds that certain rights are so fundamental that the government may not eliminate them is referred to as


A) procedural due process.
B) judicial restraint.
C) substantive due process.
D) eminent domain.

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The power to regulate interstate commerce is given jointly to Congress and the states under the U.S Constitution.

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Identify the basic job of a President of the United States, the source of executive power, and three key powers associated with the position of President.

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The basic job of a President is to enfor...

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The primary source of federal power to regulate business is the


A) Supremacy Clause.
B) Commerce Clause.
C) Contract Clause.
D) Privilege and Immunities Clause.

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Eminent domain refers to the government's ability to take private property for public use.

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Which of the following limitations does NOT apply to the government in civil proceedings to take a person's liberty or property?


A) Procedural Due Process
B) The Takings Clause
C) Substantive Due Process
D) The Equal Protection Clause

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Thompson raised 80 acres of corn, most of which he used to feed his own cattle. He locally sold what he did not use. Based on the Supreme Court's ruling in Wickard v. Filburn,


A) Congress has no authority over Thompson's activity based on the negative aspect of the Commerce Clause.
B) Congress may regulate Thompson's farming activity because it has a substantial economic effect on interstate commerce.
C) only Thompson's local government can regulate his farming activity.
D) only Thompson's state and local governments can regulate his farming activity.

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The Supreme Court case of Obergefell v. Hodges involved


A) same-sex marriage rights.
B) symbolic speech.
C) the power of eminent domain.
D) the death penalty.

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Generally, constitutional protections do NOT apply to


A) acts of the federal government.
B) acts of state government.
C) acts of administrative agencies.
D) acts of privately owned businesses.

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The doctrine of preemption is based on the Constitution's


A) Commerce Clause.
B) Due Process Clause.
C) Equal Protection Clause.
D) Supremacy Clause.

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