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In the following gas phase reaction, what is the effect on the direction of the reaction if more SO₃ is added to the reaction mixture? 2SO₂(g) + O₂(g) ⇌ 2SO₃(g)


A) The equilibrium shifts to produce more products.
B) The position of the equilibrium remains unchanged.
C) The rate of formation of products is increased.
D) The equilibrium shifts to produce more reactants.
E) The catalyst for the reaction is used up.

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For the following reaction, the equilibrium constant Kc is 2.0 at a certain temperature. Write the equilibrium constant expression of the equilibrium constant, Kc. 2NOBr(g) ? 2NO(g) + Br?(g)


A) [Br2][NO]2[NOBr]2\frac { \left[ \mathrm { Br } ^ { 2 } \right] [ \mathrm { NO } ] ^ { 2 } } { [ \mathrm { NOBr } ] ^ { 2 } }
B) [Br2][NO][NOBr]2\frac { \left[ \mathrm { Br } _ { 2 } \right] [ \mathrm { NO } ] } { [ \mathrm { NOBr } ] ^ { 2 } }
C) [Br2][NO]2[NOBr]\frac { \left[ \mathrm { Br } _ { 2 } \right] [ \mathrm { NO } ] ^ { 2 } } { [ \mathrm { NOBr } ] }
D) [Br22][NO][NOBr]\frac { \left[ \mathrm { Br } ^ { 2 } 2 \right] [ \mathrm { NO } ] } { [ \mathrm { NOBr } ] }
E) [Br][NO][NOBr]\frac { [ \mathrm { Br } ] [ \mathrm { NO } ] } { [ \mathrm { NOBr } ] }

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Refrigerating perishable foods affects biochemical reactions by


A) increasing concentrations of antioxidants.
B) removing bacteria.
C) decreasing the rate of reactions affecting spoilage.
D) catalyzing the removal of harmful chemicals from the foods.
E) improving the appearance of the foods.

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An equilibrium constant greater than 1 for a reaction indicates that the reaction favors formation of the products.

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Write the equilibrium constant expression for the reaction of nitrogen and hydrogen to give ammonia, NH3.

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In the reaction of carbon dioxide with water to give carbonic acid, the only gaseous component is the carbon dioxide. What will happen to the equilibrium concentration of carbonic acid if the pressure of carbon dioxide is increased in the container?


A) The concentration of carbonic acid will increase.
B) The carbonic acid concentration will decrease.
C) The carbonic acid concentration will stay the same.
D) There will be twice as much carbonic acid as carbon dioxide.
E) There will be more water available for the reaction.

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Indicate the effect of each change upon the rate of a reaction. -removing some reactant


A) increases
B) decreases

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Any reaction that absorbs 150 kcal of energy can be classified as __________.


A) endothermic
B) exothermic
C) activated
D) reduction
E) oxidation

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Which of the following equilibrium constants indicates the reaction that gives the smallest amount of product?


A) Kc = 5 × 10-10
B) Kc = 5 × 10-1
C) Kc = 5 × 100
D) Kc = 5 × 101
E) Kc = 5 × 1010

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In the reaction of nitrogen gas with oxygen gas to produce nitrogen oxide, what is the effect of adding more oxygen gas to the initial reaction mixture? The reaction is shown below. N₂(g) + O₂(g) ⇌ 2NO(g)


A) The equilibrium shifts to produce more N₂.
B) The equilibrium shifts to produce more NO.
C) The equilibrium is not affected.
D) Extra catalyst is required to reach equilibrium.
E) The temperature of the reaction mixture is raised.

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The __________ is the energy difference between reactants and products in a chemical reaction.


A) transition energy
B) activation energy
C) product energy
D) overall energy
E) heat of reaction

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Indicate the effect of each change upon the rate of a reaction. -The concentration of a reactant is decreased.


A) increases
B) decreases

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An equilibrium constant Kc = 1 × 107 for a reaction indicates that the reaction favors product formation.

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Iron metal reacts with oxygen gas to produce iron(III) oxide. What will be the effect of increasing the pressure of oxygen gas in a closed reaction vessel?


A) Less reaction will take place.
B) More iron oxide will be produced.
C) The reaction mixture will catch fire.
D) There is no effect; a catalyst is needed.
E) The rate of production of iron oxide will slow down.

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For the following equilibrium reaction, which cause and effect are correctly matched? CO(g) + 2H₂(g) ⇌ CH3OH(g) + heat


A) add heat, shift right
B) add CO, shift left
C) remove CH3OH, shift left
D) remove heat, no change
E) remove H₂, shift left

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The reaction for the decomposition of PCl5 to chlorine and PCl3 is shown below. PCl5(g) ⇌ PCl3(g) + Cl₂(g) If the equilibrium concentrations are [PCl5] = 1.0 M, [PCl3] = 0.10 M, [Cl₂] = 0.10 M, what is the value of the equilibrium constant?


A) 1.0 × 10-2
B) 1.0 × 10-4
C) 10 × 10-2
D) 1.0 × 102
E) 2.0 × 10-2

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Indicate the effect of each change upon the rate of a reaction. -adding a catalyst


A) increases
B) decreases

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For the reaction of carbon with carbon dioxide to make carbon monoxide, the reaction is as follows. C(s) + CO₂(g) ⇌ 2CO(g) This is an example of a __________ equilibrium.


A) heterogeneous
B) homogeneous
C) gas
D) catalytic
E) irreversible

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A catalyst for a chemical reaction affects the magnitude of the equilibrium constant.

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An equilibrium constant with a value greater than 1 means the reaction favors the __________.

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