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In assessing external technological trends,benchmarking and scanning are similar in that both are concerned with


A) what is being done currently.
B) what can be done and is being developed.
C) key technologies.
D) pacing technologies.
E) obtaining competitor's secrets.

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Bureaucracy is an enemy of technological innovation.Discuss the importance of fostering an organization culture that values innovation.

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Although bureaucracy helps maintain orde...

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Although competitors understandably are reluctant to share their secrets,information trading for ________ is not uncommon and can prove highly valuable.


A) vertical integration
B) technological followership
C) corporate espionage
D) benchmarking
E) gradual diffusion

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Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of technology leadership.

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Technology leadership is attractive than...

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Oxy Systems Corp.was the first company to utilize a new device developed by Symbol Developers Inc.that enabled Oxy to locate previously undetected underground hot springs that could be tapped as geothermal heating sources.Oxy Systems tested the device and provided a testimonial to other organizations about the product.However,the other organizations were hesitant and decided to wait until the product was proven reliable.In this case,Oxy Systems can be classified as


A) an innovator.
B) a late adopter.
C) part of the early majority.
D) part of the late majority.
E) a laggard.

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Answer Smart Inc.plans to make a new mobile phone that would use a retina scanner to unlock the phone.However,the company does not implement the plan as it realizes that the costs involved are too high.Which of the following factors while making a technology decision has Answer Smart Inc.taken into consideration?


A) economic viability
B) competence development
C) organizational suitability
D) market receptiveness
E) technological feasibility

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Describe the critical forces that converge to create new technologies.

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Critical forces converge to create new t...

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The question an organization asks itself about whether to acquire new technology from an outside source or develop it itself is referred to as a


A) trade-off decision.
B) licensing decision.
C) make-or-buy decision.
D) SWOT analysis.
E) benchmark analysis.

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Scenario E.Bo has developed a new technology for his organization Limb Trim Corp.Segundo,his colleague,has been promoting the idea of the new technology in the organization at his own risk.Garrett,their boss,supports Bo's idea and helps protect Segundo from getting into trouble and provides financial help toward the project as well. -From Scenario E,it can be inferred that Garrett plays the role of


A) product champion.
B) technical innovator.
C) executive champion.
D) entrepreneur.
E) chief information officer.

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A(n) ________ develops a new technology or has the key skills to install and operate the technology.


A) chief technology officer
B) executive champion
C) product champion
D) technical innovator
E) chief information officer

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For which of the following reasons might a firm choose to trade technology?


A) to facilitate first-mover advantages
B) to avoid development costs
C) to build barriers to entry
D) to partner with competitors
E) to create diseconomies of scope

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An innovation will spread faster if it


A) is highly similar to its predecessor.
B) is compatible with existing systems and procedures.
C) has more rather than less complexity.
D) requires a significant commitment to try or test.
E) is difficult to replicate or observe.

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In the technology life cycle,which of the following follows the initial recognition of a need coupled with potential to satisfy that need through science?


A) A dominant design emerges after early problems are resolved.
B) Competitors experiment with operational characteristics to meet consumer needs.
C) Knowledge and ideas are brought together and developed.
D) The product,process,or service declines in usefulness or practicality.
E) Managers seek advantages through process efficiencies and cost competitiveness.

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Key roles in acquiring and developing new technologies are the ________,product champion,and executive champion.


A) technical innovator
B) technical imitator
C) technology auditor
D) chief researcher
E) early adopter

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Which of the following is considered an enemy of technological innovation?


A) flexibility C
B) cohesiveness
C) bureaucracy
D) a diversified workforce
E) intrapreneurship

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Which of the following is becoming increasingly common as a way for companies to gain access to new technologies while avoiding high development costs or financing?


A) contracted development
B) internal development
C) technology trading
D) research partnership
E) purchase

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Compensation practices of an integrated manufacturing firm usually include


A) individual incentives.
B) hourly wages.
C) seniority pay.
D) job classifications.
E) skill-based pay.

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Even firms that are not technology oriented must pay attention to changing technology.

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Whereas ________ focuses on key and perhaps some pacing technologies,________ seeks out pacing and emerging technologies.


A) scanning;auditing
B) auditing;scanning
C) benchmarking;auditing
D) scanning;benchmarking
E) benchmarking;scanning

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Radical Returns Inc. ,a company that prepares individual tax returns,has finally agreed to utilize the IRS system that enables returns to be transmitted electronically rather than through mail.Almost every other firm in the United States is utilizing the system because it has been proven reliable.The company has accepted the new technology only after a number of threats of account withdrawal from key customers.For this reason,the company would be classified as


A) an innovator.
B) an early adopter.
C) part of the early majority.
D) part of the late majority.
E) part of the early minority.

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