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Exam 46: Population Ecology

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Question 41

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The figures below represent three hypothetical populations; each circle is an individual. Select the pattern above that describes the following scenario: Individuals establish exclusive territories to secure access to resources.

A) diagram M
B) diagram H
C) diagram K

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Question 42

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If a scientist recorded the size, birth rate, and age structure of an owl population over the last 20 years, he is MOST likely a(n) :

A) demographer.
B) embryologist.
C) botanist.
D) mathematician.
E) evolutionary biologist.

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Question 43

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The figures below represent three hypothetical populations; each circle is an individual. Select the pattern above that describes the following scenario: This is a social species.

Phylogenies suggest that Anolis lizards colonized Hispaniola:

Most populations demonstrate _____ growth, in which the population size increases exponentially until it levels off near the K value of the habitat for that species.

Based on mortality rates shown below in Figure 46.11, which stage of the lime swallowtail life cycle would you expect to be the SHORTEST? a. $\begin{array} { l l l l } \text { Stage } & \text { Approximate duration } & \text { Number alive } & \text { Survivorship } \\ \text { Egg } & 5 \text { days } & 250 & 0.68 \\ \text { Larva } & 18 \text { days } & 170 & 0.93 \\ \text { Pupa } & 15 \text { days } & 158 & 0.45 \\ \text { Adult } & 5 \text { days } & 71 & \end{array}$ b.

The size of a population of frogs is significantly below the population size that the environment can support. This could be the result of frog parasites and/or predators.

You are surveying biodiversity on a new island chain. You have counted the number of bat species on one island already. The next island is smaller and farther from the mainland than the one you have just surveyed. According to the theory of island biogeography, the total number of its bat species should be _____ than on the current island because the rate of immigration to the new island should be _____ and the rate of extinction should be _____. Refer to Figure 46.17. a. b.

Recall that the age structure histogram (for humans) of India is shaped like a pyramid (Figure 46.8) . What does this tell you about India's population?

A population that has a high mortality earlier in the life cycle than later in the life cycle would have a Type _____ survivorship curve.

Consider a population undergoing logistic growth. When are the most individuals added to the population per unit time?

If you were a conservation biologist in charge of the recovery plans for an endangered species, which would you prefer to find within that species-an even distribution of age classes or a pyramid-shaped age distribution? Why?

A group of field biologists goes out to mark beetles living in an area around a local pond in order to estimate population size. They capture 500 beetles on the first day. They return the following day and catch a total of 400 individuals, 200 of which are marked. What is the estimated population size for the beetles?

In any one place, multiple species of the lizard genus Anolis can coexist because they hunt food in different ways and in different parts of the vegetation.

In 1987, 18 black-footed ferrets, the last known individuals of this species, were captured and brought into a captive breeding program in Wyoming. In 1989, the total ferret population, still in captivity, was 120 animals. These 120 animals in 1989 represented:

What are the units of r?

Species diversity on habitat islands reflects the rate of:

Which of the following statements is true regarding the mark-and-recapture method?

As mice produce several offspring that do not normally survive into adulthood (and mortality rates are highest during the first few months of life) , these animals would exhibit a Type _____ survivorship curve.

A researcher is studying a population with a unique age structure. Over the course of several decades, the histogram that depicts this structure first appears as a pyramid, becomes roughly rectangular in shape, and finally appears as an inverted pyramid (where the base is narrower than the top) . How has this population changed over time?