Question 1

An enzyme that catalyzes the addition of a phosphate group from ATP to another molecule is called a:

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphatase.
B)  phosphorylase.
C)  kinase.
D)  cyclase.

Question 2

The CORRECT sequence of steps in the eukaryotic cell cycle is:

Accepted Answer

A)  G1  S phase  G2  mitosis  cytokinesis.
B)  G0  S phase  G1  S phase  G2  mitosis  cytokinesis.
C)  G0  S phase  G1  G2  cytokinesis  mitosis.
D)  G0  S phase  G1  S phase  G2  cytokinesis  mitosis.
E)  G1  S phase  G2  cytokinesis  mitosis.

Question 3

Cell cycle checkpoints:

Accepted Answer

A)  act as a brake on cell division if something is not right.
B)  provide opportunities to check if the cell has carried out steps necessary for cell division.
C)  can involve the protein p53.
D)  All of these choices are correct.

Question 4

Which of the following is considered a proto-oncogene?

Accepted Answer

A)  a gene encoding a G-protein
B)  a gene encoding a cell-surface receptor
C)  a gene encoding a protein kinase
D)  a gene encoding a growth factor
E)  All of these choices are correct.

Question 5

Which of the following statements about viruses is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Viruses contain multiple genes, and each of these genes is an oncogene.
B)  Viruses are a type of prokaryotic cell.
C)  Viruses are the root cause of mostif not allcancers.
D)  Human cancers have not been associated with viruses.
E)  None of the other answer options is correct.

Question 6

Which of the following statements is TRUE if a cell has a mutation in the p53 gene such that the p53 protein is no longer able to be phosphorylated?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cell would proceed through the cell cycle even in the presence of DNA damage.
B)  The cell would arrest, giving time for the DNA damage to be repaired.
C)  The amount of cytoplasmic p53 protein would increase in response to DNA damage.
D)  The kinase activity in the nucleus would decrease in response to DNA damage.

Question 7

The prokaryotic protein FtsZ is evolutionarily related to eukaryotic tubulin. What does this mean?

Accepted Answer

A)  The gene sequence for FtsZ is similar to tubulin.
B)  The amino acid sequence for FtsZ is similar to tubulin.
C)  The overall protein structure of FtsZ is similar to tubulin.
D)  The two proteins evolved from a common ancestral protein.
E)  All of these choices are correct.

Question 8

The microtubules that form the mitotic spindle extend out from the centrosome. Where would you expect to find the plus (fast assembling)  end of a spindle microtubule?

Accepted Answer

A)  at the centrosome
B)  away from the centrosome
C)  at the kinetochore
D)  away from the centrosome, at the kinetochore

Question 9

A cell in prophase I of meiosis has _____ as much DNA as each of the daughter cells following cytokinesis of meiosis II.

Accepted Answer

A)  twice
B)  half
C)  one quarter
D)  four times

Question 10

Homologous chromosomes separate from each other in:

Accepted Answer

A)  mitosis.
B)  meiosis I.
C)  meiosis II.
D)  They never separate from each other during any form of cell division.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT true about the eukaryotic cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  There are two stages to the cell cycle: M phase and interphase.
B)  The M phase consists of two events: mitosis and cytokinesis.
C)  Interphase is typically the shortest of the two stages of the cell cycle.
D)  There are three phases of interphase: the S phase and two gap phases.
E)  Some cells pause between M phase and S phase for more than a year.

Question 12

During meiosis, genetic variability is introduced during which of the following phases?

Accepted Answer

A)  anaphase II
B)  metaphase I
C)  prophase I
D)  prophase II
E)  prometaphase I

Question 13

Which one of the following would MOST likely contribute to uncontrolled cell proliferation (i.e., cancer) ?

Accepted Answer

A)  a mutant CDK that was active in the absence of its cyclin binding partner
B)  a mutant cyclin that cannot bind to its normal CDK binding partner
C)  a mutant enzyme needed for microtubule synthesis/polymerization
D)  a mutant DNA replication mechanism causing extra chromosome copies
E)  a mutant kinetochore protein that causes reduced microtubule attachment

Question 14

Mitotic cell division is considered asexual because:

Accepted Answer

A)  the daughter cells receive DNA from one parent cell.
B)  this form of cell division is most similar to binary fission.
C)  the daughter cells are genetically identical.
D)  the daughter cells receive DNA from one parent cell, and the daughter cells are genetically identical.

Question 15

Which of the following statements regarding canceraccording to Hanahan and Weinbergis TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cancer cells typically secrete factors that promote blood vessel formation.
B)  Cancer cells can sometimes metastasize and travel throughout the body.
C)  Mutations in growth factor receptors are sometimes required for cancer cell division.
D)  Cancer cells can resist cell-death signals.
E)  All of these choices are correct.

Question 16

The FoxP2 gene is thought to be involved in language in humans. At prophase I, how many copies of the FoxP2 gene are present in a cell? Keep in mind that humans are diploid.

Accepted Answer

A)  two copies, one on each homologous chromosome
B)  four copies, one on each sister chromatid in a pair of homologous chromosomes
C)  eight copies, one on each sister chromatid in a pair of homologous chromosomes
D)  eight copies, one on each strand of each chromatid per homologous pair

Question 17

Reproduction by mitotic cell division:

Accepted Answer

A)  results in two daughter cells that are genetically identical.
B)  is asexual reproduction.
C)  persists in mature plant cells for continued growth.
D)  continues in mature adult humans to replace damaged and worn-out cells.
E)  All of these choices are correct.

Question 18

Which of the following statements concerning cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs)  is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  CDKs are enzymes that attach phosphate groups to other proteins.
B)  CDKs are active, or "turned on," when complexed with cyclins.
C)  CDKs are present throughout the cell cycle.
D)  CDKs are inactive, or "turned off," in the presence of cyclins.

Question 19

How does a cell regulate the progression of the cell cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  through the expression and synthesis of cyclin proteins
B)  through checkpoints
C)  through the expression and synthesis of CDKs
D)  through destruction of cyclins
E)  All of these choices are correct.

Question 20

What type of protein is being activated by the G1/S cyclin-CDK complex to promote the expression of histone proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  a synthase
B)  a polymerase
C)  a helicase
D)  a transcription factor

Exam 11: Cell Division: Variations, Regulation, and Cancer

Which of the following is considered a proto-oncogene?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about viruses is TRUE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is TRUE if a cell has a mutation in the p53 gene such that the p53 protein is no longer able to be phosphorylated?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The CORRECT sequence of steps in the eukaryotic cell cycle is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An enzyme that catalyzes the addition of a phosphate group from ATP to another molecule is called a:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cell cycle checkpoints:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following would MOST likely contribute to uncontrolled cell proliferation (i.e., cancer) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Homologous chromosomes separate from each other in:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The FoxP2 gene is thought to be involved in language in humans. At prophase I, how many copies of the FoxP2 gene are present in a cell? Keep in mind that humans are diploid.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The prokaryotic protein FtsZ is evolutionarily related to eukaryotic tubulin. What does this mean?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The microtubules that form the mitotic spindle extend out from the centrosome. Where would you expect to find the plus (fast assembling) end of a spindle microtubule?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What type of protein is being activated by the G1/S cyclin-CDK complex to promote the expression of histone proteins?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reproduction by mitotic cell division:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements concerning cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) is NOT true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mitotic cell division is considered asexual because:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT true about the eukaryotic cell cycle?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A cell in prophase I of meiosis has _____ as much DNA as each of the daughter cells following cytokinesis of meiosis II.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How does a cell regulate the progression of the cell cycle?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During meiosis, genetic variability is introduced during which of the following phases?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements regarding canceraccording to Hanahan and Weinbergis TRUE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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What type of protein is being activated by the G₁/S cyclin-CDK complex to promote the expression of histone proteins?

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