Question 1

With humans making up such a small percentage of life on Earth, which of the following represents the rationale behind spending a disproportionate amount of scientific research studying humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  Humans are interested in learning how their own bodies function.
B)  Our role in the ecosystem needs to be understood in order to plan for our future.
C)  The more that is discovered about humans, the more likely it is that disease can be combatted.
D)  Humans are curious about their origins.
E)  All of the above are reasons for spending a disproportionate amount of scientific research studying humans.F) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 2

At some point in their life cycle, all cells have a _____, whereas not all cells have a(n)  _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  plasma membrane; nuclear membrane
B)  nucleus; cytoplasm
C)  plasma membrane; RNA or DNA
D)  nucleus; nuclear membrane
E)  nucleus; plasma membraneF) A) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 3

Many salmon return to the place where they were born to lay eggs. You hypothesize that they use visual cues to find their way back. To test your hypothesis, you blind salmon and then examine whether or not they are able to return to their birthplace. You find that they are unable to find their way back. From this experiment, you:

Accepted Answer

A)  have proved your hypothesis.
B)  have rejected your hypothesis.
C)  supported your hypothesis.
D)  can't determine whether your hypothesis is supported or not.
E)  developed a theory about the role of vision in salmon navigation.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 4

Which one of the following statements about hypotheses is INCORRECT?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hypotheses make predictions about observations not yet made.
B)  A collection of related hypotheses that endures repeated testing is called a theory.
C)  Hypotheses can be tested by experiments or by making additional observations.
D)  Hypotheses that provide reasonable explanations do not need to be tested.
E)  All of the above statements about hypotheses are correct.F) B) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 5

Which of the following scientists tested the hypothesis that microorganisms can arise by spontaneous generation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Elena and Lenski
B)  Redi
C)  Pasteur
D)  Darwin
E)  AlvarezF) All of the above
G) None of the above

Question 6

The study of how organisms interact with each other and with their physical environment is referred to as _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The study of how organisms interact with...

Question 7

Which one of the following entities does NOT possess the ability to synthesize its own proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  a human cell
B)  a virus
C)  a bacterial cell
D)  a viral particle and a bacterial cell
E)  a human cell, a virus, and a bacterial cellF) None of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 8

You have discovered a new species of prokaryote in a deep-sea thermal vent. Without any further characterization, which one of the following statements could you make about this species with a high degree of certainty?

Accepted Answer

A)  These organisms store their genetic information in a compartment called a nucleus.
B)  Information in DNA is translated into RNA and then transcribed into protein.
C)  The organisms are from the domain Archaea.
D)  Information in RNA is transcribed into DNA and then translated into protein.
E)  None of the statements can be made with certainty.F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 9

Observations allow scientists to draw tentative explanations called hypotheses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The effect of increasing human populations can be seen in many different ways. Which of the following describes how human actions have caused evolutionary changes in different organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased use of antibiotics has caused many bacterial strains to become resistant.
B)  Planting different commercial crops has increased their worldwide distribution.
C)  Overhunting of the dodo caused its extinction.
D)  Forests were cut down to acquire lumber for constructionE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 11

Which of the following things would constitute the ecological system of a forest?

Accepted Answer

A)  the microbes in the soil of the forest
B)  the dead leaves blanketing the forest floor
C)  rocks located on the forest floor
D)  the birds inhabiting the trees of the forest
E)  All of these contribute to the ecological system of a forest.F) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 12

The phylogenetic tree below represents a phylogeny of different species of butterflies. What is represented by the circled area on the phylogeny?

Accepted Answer

A)  the most recent speciation event
B)  the appearance of a new mutation
C)  the appearance of a new genetic variant
D)  a common ancestor
E)  a species that must be extinctF) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 13

Imagine that a researcher claimed to have created a genetically modified plant that produces twice as much energy as it harnesses from its environment. How could this be possible?

Accepted Answer

A)  The researcher has inserted a mutation into the plant's genome that causes twice the amount of ATP to be produced.
B)  This is not possible because such a plant would violate the second law of thermodynamics.
C)  The researcher has found a way to decrease the overall entropy of the plant.
D)  The researcher has inserted genes into the plant's genome that increase the amount of work the plant is capable of performing.
E)  The researcher has likely doubled the amount of DNA present in the plant's genome.F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 14

Some plants are dependent on animals for:

Accepted Answer

A)  pollination.
B)  seed dispersion.
C)  respiration.
D)  pollination and seed dispersion.
E)  pollination, seed dispersion, and respiration.F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 15

Evidence for the extinction of the dinosaurs approximately 65 million years ago comes from meteorites containing:

Accepted Answer

A)  iridium.
B)  palladium.
C)  carbon.
D)  silicon.
E)  plutonium.F) None of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 16

MOST of life's diversity is:

Accepted Answer

A)  acellular.
B)  aerobic.
C)  microbial.
D)  terrestrial.
E)  aquatic.F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 17

Consider a single orange tree. All of the seeds in the oranges of that tree would be considered genetically identical, given that the same plant produces them.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

When you eat a hamburger, some of the energy in the food is converted to ATP that your cells can use to do all kinds of work, some of the energy is stored for later use, and some of the energy is dissipated as heat. The amount of energy before and after eating the hamburger is the same. This illustrates the:

Accepted Answer

A)  first law of thermodynamics.
B)  second law of thermodynamics.
C)  theory.
D)  the theory of evolution.
E)  central dogma.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 19

Imagine you are standing in a field and you see a group of butterflies. You notice an individual that looks significantly different from the other butterflies in the populations: It has much larger wings and can fly faster than the other butterflies. This difference allows the butterfly to escape predation more efficiently than other butterflies in the population. The difference came about because this butterfly spent more time developing in an area of the habitat that is particularly warm and moist than other butterflies did. Do you expect the following generations to be composed of butterflies with larger wings?

Accepted Answer

A)  Yes, this represents a genetic mutation that will be passed onto offspring.
B)  Yes, this trait is advantageous so more butterflies will choose to develop in warm moist areas of the habitat.
C)  No, this represents nonheritable variation caused by the environment.
D)  No, this represents heritable variation but this trait does not increase ability to mate so will not be passed to the next generation.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

When we say that the cell is the fundamental unit of life, we mean that:

Accepted Answer

A)  all living things are made up of one or more cells.
B)  the smallest entity that can be considered living is a cell.
C)  a single cell can carry out all life processes.
D)  life doesn't exist in the absence of cells.
E)  All of the answer options are correct.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Exam 1: Life: Chemical, Cellular, and Evolutionary Foundations

With humans making up such a small percentage of life on Earth, which of the following represents the rationale behind spending a disproportionate amount of scientific research studying humans?

Correct Answer
verified

Observations allow scientists to draw tentative explanations called hypotheses.

Correct Answer
verified

Imagine that a researcher claimed to have created a genetically modified plant that produces twice as much energy as it harnesses from its environment. How could this be possible?

Correct Answer
verified

At some point in their life cycle, all cells have a _, whereas not all cells have a(n) _.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the following entities does NOT possess the ability to synthesize its own proteins?

Correct Answer
verified

The phylogenetic tree below represents a phylogeny of different species of butterflies. What is represented by the circled area on the phylogeny?

Correct Answer
verified

Which one of the following statements about hypotheses is INCORRECT?

Correct Answer
verified

Consider a single orange tree. All of the seeds in the oranges of that tree would be considered genetically identical, given that the same plant produces them.

Correct Answer
verified

Some plants are dependent on animals for:

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

When we say that the cell is the fundamental unit of life, we mean that:

Correct Answer
verified

The effect of increasing human populations can be seen in many different ways. Which of the following describes how human actions have caused evolutionary changes in different organisms?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following things would constitute the ecological system of a forest?

Correct Answer
verified

MOST of life's diversity is:

Correct Answer
verified

The study of how organisms interact with each other and with their physical environment is referred to as _____.

Correct Answer
verified

You have discovered a new species of prokaryote in a deep-sea thermal vent. Without any further characterization, which one of the following statements could you make about this species with a high degree of certainty?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Evidence for the extinction of the dinosaurs approximately 65 million years ago comes from meteorites containing:

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following scientists tested the hypothesis that microorganisms can arise by spontaneous generation?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 1: Life: Chemical, Cellular, and Evolutionary Foundations

With humans making up such a small percentage of life on Earth, which of the following represents the rationale behind spending a disproportionate amount of scientific research studying humans?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Observations allow scientists to draw tentative explanations called hypotheses.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Imagine that a researcher claimed to have created a genetically modified plant that produces twice as much energy as it harnesses from its environment. How could this be possible?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At some point in their life cycle, all cells have a _____, whereas not all cells have a(n) _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following entities does NOT possess the ability to synthesize its own proteins?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The phylogenetic tree below represents a phylogeny of different species of butterflies. What is represented by the circled area on the phylogeny?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following statements about hypotheses is INCORRECT?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Consider a single orange tree. All of the seeds in the oranges of that tree would be considered genetically identical, given that the same plant produces them.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some plants are dependent on animals for:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When we say that the cell is the fundamental unit of life, we mean that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The effect of increasing human populations can be seen in many different ways. Which of the following describes how human actions have caused evolutionary changes in different organisms?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following things would constitute the ecological system of a forest?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

MOST of life's diversity is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The study of how organisms interact with each other and with their physical environment is referred to as _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You have discovered a new species of prokaryote in a deep-sea thermal vent. Without any further characterization, which one of the following statements could you make about this species with a high degree of certainty?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evidence for the extinction of the dinosaurs approximately 65 million years ago comes from meteorites containing:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following scientists tested the hypothesis that microorganisms can arise by spontaneous generation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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At some point in their life cycle, all cells have a _, whereas not all cells have a(n) _.

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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