Question 1

The hormone ________ is released after a meal is eaten and triggers the stomach to release digestive juices.

Accepted Answer

A)   leptin
B)   insulin
C)   gastrin
D)   amylase

Question 2

Liquids have a higher satiety value than solid foods.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Often called the cell's powerhouse, the ribosome produces the energy molecule ATP from basic food components.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The macronutrient with the highest satiety value is protein.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

What is the region of the brain where physiological signals are translated into the message to seek food due to hunger?

Accepted Answer

A)   gallbladder
B)   pancreas
C)   hypothalamus
D)   liver

Question 6

Bob eats his breakfast, and his GI tract will now begin the process of digesting and absorbing the nutrients from this meal. What is the order in which each of the organs of the GI tract will work to achieve this process?

Accepted Answer

A)   mouth, esophagus, small intestine, stomach, large intestine
B)   mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine
C)   mouth, stomach, esophagus, small intestine, large intestine
D)   mouth, stomach, esophagus, large intestine, small intestine B

Question 7

When the stomach of an adult is full, it can expand to hold approximately

Accepted Answer

A)   2 cups of food or water.
B)   4 cups of food or water.
C)   6 cups of food or water.
D)   16 cups of food or water.

Question 8

Which of the following would be an appropriate treatment approach for someone suffering from GERD?

Accepted Answer

A)   surgical removal of the gallbladder
B)   omission of all lactose foods
C)   antibiotic therapy
D)   losing weight and quitting smoking

Question 9

What is the function of the bicarbonate that is released into the duodenum during the process of digestion?

Accepted Answer

A)   to neutralize the acidic chyme
B)   to activate hormonal release of bile
C)   to digest fats/oils
D)   to lubricate the villi of the small intestine

Question 10

Define a sphincter and describe the role of 2 different sphincters in the gastrointestinal tract.

Accepted Answer

A sphincter is a tight ring of muscle separating some of the organs of the gastrointestinal tract and opening in response to nerve signals indicating that food is ready to pass into the next section. Sphincters control the rate at which food flows from one organ to the next, and prevents backflows.
At the end of the esophagus is a sphincter muscle, the lower esophageal sphincter, or cardiac sphincter. This is normally tightly closed but when food reaches the end of the esophagus, this sphincter relaxes to allow the passage of very small amounts of food into the stomach.
The small intestine is composed of three sections. The duodenum is the section of the small intestine that is connected via the pyloric sphincter to the stomach. The jejunum is the middle portion, and the last portion is the ileum. It connects to the large intestine at another sphincter, called the ileocecal valve.
The large intestine is a thick, tubelike structure that frames the small intestine on three-and-a-half sides. It begins with a tissue sac called the cecum, which explains the name of the sphincter - the ileocecal valve - which connects it to the ileum of the small intestine.

Question 11

Peptic ulcers are areas of the gastrointestinal tract that have been eroded by insulin and glucagon.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Describe the physiological factors that determine food intake.

Accepted Answer

Hunger is the physiological stimulus to ...

Question 13

A painful sensation in the chest that results from gastric juices seeping back up into the esophagus is called

Accepted Answer

A)   celiac disease.
B)   irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) .
C)   gastroesophageal reflux (GER) .
D)   peptic ulcer.

Question 14

Hunger is BEST described as

Accepted Answer

A)   a physiologic desire to consume food.
B)   a psychological desire to consume food.
C)   eating that is often driven by environmental cues.
D)   eating that is often driven by emotional cues.

Question 15

Proteins that act to speed up body processes, but are not changed in the process, are called

Accepted Answer

A)   hormones.
B)   peptides
C)   enzymes.
D)   chymes.

Question 16

Bile is released into which organ in response to the ingestion of fat in the diet?

Accepted Answer

A)   stomach
B)   esophagus
C)   large intestine
D)   small intestine

Question 17

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) always manifests itself by diarrhea, bloating, and abdominal cramps.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following would NOT be recommended for the treatment of GERD?

Accepted Answer

A)   waiting at least 3 hours after eating before lying down
B)   eating 2 large meals a day
C)   elevating the head 4 to 6 inches while sleeping
D)   taking an antacid before eating a meal

Question 19

Outline the differences between osmosis, simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion and active transport.

Accepted Answer

Osmosis is the movement of water from ar...

Question 20

Starting at the mouth and ending at the rectum, describe the process of digestion and absorption.

Accepted Answer

Mouth
-Chewing breaks up food and begins...

Exam 3: The Human Body: Are We Really What We Eat

The hormone ________ is released after a meal is eaten and triggers the stomach to release digestive juices.

Correct Answer
verified

Liquids have a higher satiety value than solid foods.

Correct Answer
verified
False

Often called the cell's powerhouse, the ribosome produces the energy molecule ATP from basic food components.

Correct Answer
verified

The macronutrient with the highest satiety value is protein.

Correct Answer
verified

What is the region of the brain where physiological signals are translated into the message to seek food due to hunger?

Correct Answer
verified

Bob eats his breakfast, and his GI tract will now begin the process of digesting and absorbing the nutrients from this meal. What is the order in which each of the organs of the GI tract will work to achieve this process?

Correct Answer
verified
B

When the stomach of an adult is full, it can expand to hold approximately

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following would be an appropriate treatment approach for someone suffering from GERD?

Correct Answer
verified

What is the function of the bicarbonate that is released into the duodenum during the process of digestion?

Correct Answer
verified

Define a sphincter and describe the role of 2 different sphincters in the gastrointestinal tract.

Peptic ulcers are areas of the gastrointestinal tract that have been eroded by insulin and glucagon.

Correct Answer
verified

Describe the physiological factors that determine food intake.

Correct Answer
verified
Hunger is the physiological stimulus to ...
View Answer

A painful sensation in the chest that results from gastric juices seeping back up into the esophagus is called

Correct Answer
verified

Hunger is BEST described as

Correct Answer
verified

Proteins that act to speed up body processes, but are not changed in the process, are called

Correct Answer
verified

Bile is released into which organ in response to the ingestion of fat in the diet?

Correct Answer
verified

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) always manifests itself by diarrhea, bloating, and abdominal cramps.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following would NOT be recommended for the treatment of GERD?

Correct Answer
verified

Outline the differences between osmosis, simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion and active transport.

Correct Answer
verified
Osmosis is the movement of water from ar...
View Answer

Starting at the mouth and ending at the rectum, describe the process of digestion and absorption.

Correct Answer
verified
Mouth
-Chewing breaks up food and begins...
View Answer

Exam 3: The Human Body: Are We Really What We Eat

The hormone ________ is released after a meal is eaten and triggers the stomach to release digestive juices.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Liquids have a higher satiety value than solid foods.

Correct AnswerverifiedFalse

Often called the cell's powerhouse, the ribosome produces the energy molecule ATP from basic food components.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The macronutrient with the highest satiety value is protein.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the region of the brain where physiological signals are translated into the message to seek food due to hunger?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bob eats his breakfast, and his GI tract will now begin the process of digesting and absorbing the nutrients from this meal. What is the order in which each of the organs of the GI tract will work to achieve this process?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

When the stomach of an adult is full, it can expand to hold approximately

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would be an appropriate treatment approach for someone suffering from GERD?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the function of the bicarbonate that is released into the duodenum during the process of digestion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Define a sphincter and describe the role of 2 different sphincters in the gastrointestinal tract.

Peptic ulcers are areas of the gastrointestinal tract that have been eroded by insulin and glucagon.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the physiological factors that determine food intake.

Correct AnswerverifiedHunger is the physiological stimulus to ...View AnswerShow Answer

A painful sensation in the chest that results from gastric juices seeping back up into the esophagus is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hunger is BEST described as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Proteins that act to speed up body processes, but are not changed in the process, are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bile is released into which organ in response to the ingestion of fat in the diet?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) always manifests itself by diarrhea, bloating, and abdominal cramps.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would NOT be recommended for the treatment of GERD?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Outline the differences between osmosis, simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion and active transport.

Correct AnswerverifiedOsmosis is the movement of water from ar...View AnswerShow Answer

Starting at the mouth and ending at the rectum, describe the process of digestion and absorption.

Correct AnswerverifiedMouth-Chewing breaks up food and begins...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
False

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
B

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Hunger is the physiological stimulus to ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Osmosis is the movement of water from ar...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified
Mouth
-Chewing breaks up food and begins...
View Answer