An agency relationship can arise by ratification, which involves a determination of intent expressed by words or conduct.

Ratification

The act of giving formal consent or approval to something, making it officially valid, typically in the context of contracts or agreements.

Agency Relationship

A legal and consensual arrangement where one party, the agent, acts on behalf of another, the principal, in dealings with third parties.

Intent

The purpose or mindset with which an individual acts, significant in both criminal and civil law to determine culpability or liability.