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In the context of horizontal differentiation, _____ refers to the particular grouping of activities performed by an individual.
A) centralization
B) standardization
C) specialization
D) formalization
Horizontal Differentiation
A structural feature of an organization that involves the division of labor and the specialization of tasks horizontally across departments.
Centralization
The accumulation of decision-making power at the higher echelons of an organization.
Standardization
The process of implementing and developing technical standards to ensure consistency, safety, and interoperability of products or services across different areas or sectors.
- Distinguish between different modes of differentiation and integration in organizational contexts.
- Grasp the concepts of formalization, centralization, and specialization in organizational contexts.
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Learning Objectives
- Distinguish between different modes of differentiation and integration in organizational contexts.
- Grasp the concepts of formalization, centralization, and specialization in organizational contexts.
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