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Mary Rothbart and John Bates recently concluded that there are three broad dimensions that best represent what researchers have found to characterize the structure of temperament.Which one of the statements below is incorrect according to Rothbart and Bates?
A) Extraversion/surgency includes positive anticipation,impulsivity,activity level,and sensation seeking.
B) Positive affectivity includes happiness and comfort.
C) Negative affectivity includes fear,frustration,sadness,and discomfort.
D) Effortful control (self-regulation) includes attentional focusing and shifting and low-intensity pleasure.
Effortful Control
The capacity to regulate one's behavior, emotions, and thoughts in the pursuit of long-term goals, often in the face of external demands or distractions.
Extraversion/Surgency
A personality trait marked by outward energy, sociability, talkativeness, assertiveness, and a high level of engagement with the external world.
Negative Affectivity
A personality trait characterized by a tendency to experience negative emotions such as sadness, anxiety, and anger more frequently and intensely than others.
- Appreciate the pivotal role of temperament in the orchestration of emotional and behavioral responses.
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Learning Objectives
- Appreciate the pivotal role of temperament in the orchestration of emotional and behavioral responses.
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