The contributions to counseling outcomes of: 1) client characteristics, 2) theories and techniques, 3) the therapeutic relationship, and 4) hope and expectancy have been referred to as______ factors.

A) idiosyncratic
B) universal
C) common
D) differential

Idiosyncratic Factors

Unique personal attributes or characteristics that influence behavior and responses in different situations.

Universal

Relating to or affecting all people or things in the world or in a particular group; applicable everywhere or in all cases.

Common

Occurring frequently or widely accepted and used; usual or shared by most.