When the relationship between a principal and an independent contractor is not an employment relationship, it is an agency relationship.

Independent Contractor

One who works for, and receives payment from, an employer but whose working conditions and methods are not controlled by the employer. An independent contractor is not an employee but may be an agent.

Employment Relationship

A legal and formal arrangement between an employer and an employee that outlines the terms of employment.

Agency Relationship

A legal relationship in which one party, the agent, is authorized to act on behalf of another, the principal, in transactions with third parties.